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Related Concept Videos

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy01:05

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy01:18

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Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
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Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview01:11

Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview

The non-destructive nature and ability to provide valuable chemical information make IR spectroscopy a versatile technique with broad applications in various scientific and industrial fields. IR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify and characterize organic and inorganic compounds. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule and the bonding between atoms. This helps in the structural elucidation of compounds during organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research,...

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High-definition Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopic Imaging of Human Tissue Sections towards Improving Pathology
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Infrared-spectroscopic nanoimaging with a thermal source.

F Huth1, M Schnell, J Wittborn

  • 1Nanooptics Group, CIC nanoGUNE Consolider, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.

Nature Materials
|April 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new infrared-spectroscopic nanoimaging (nano-FTIR) system overcomes diffraction limits for nanoscale chemical analysis. This technique achieves over 100x spatial resolution improvement, enabling detailed mapping of materials like semiconductor devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is crucial for material identification but limited by diffraction for nanoscale imaging.
  • Conventional FTIR lacks the spatial resolution required for analyzing nanostructures and their properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel FTIR system enabling infrared-spectroscopic nanoimaging (nano-FTIR) with significantly enhanced spatial resolution.
  • To demonstrate the capability of nano-FTIR for chemical identification and quantitative analysis at the nanoscale.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized superfocusing of thermal radiation with an infrared antenna.
  • Employed detection of scattered light and signal enhancement via an asymmetric FTIR spectrometer.
  • Achieved spatial resolution improvement of over two orders of magnitude compared to conventional FTIR.

Main Results:

  • Successfully mapped a semiconductor device with nano-FTIR.
  • Demonstrated spectroscopic identification of silicon oxides.
  • Quantified free-carrier concentration in doped silicon regions with sub-100 nm resolution.

Conclusions:

  • Nano-FTIR offers a powerful new tool for chemical identification of nanomaterials.
  • Enables quantitative, contact-free measurement of local free-carrier concentration and mobility in nanostructures.
  • Represents a significant advancement in nanoscale analytical capabilities.