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Sequential analysis of the numerical Stroop effect reveals response suppression.

Roi Cohen Kadosh1, Wim Gevers, Wim Notebaert

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, England. roi.cohenkadosh@psy.ox.ac.uk

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|April 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Automatic processing suppression occurs at the response level, not perceptual. Repeating irrelevant stimulus dimensions, specifically response sequences, significantly reduces or eliminates the congruity effect in numerical Stroop tasks.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human information processing

Background:

  • Automatic processing of irrelevant stimulus dimensions is a known phenomenon.
  • Conflict reduction occurs when irrelevant features are repeated, but the suppression level is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To pinpoint the precise level of automatic process suppression in cognitive tasks.
  • To investigate the interaction between numerical magnitude and physical size processing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the numerical Stroop paradigm with sequential analysis.
  • Dissociated perceptual repetition from response repetition for relevant and irrelevant dimensions.
  • Analyzed reaction times, error rates, and employed diffusion modeling.

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Main Results:

  • The congruity effect was significantly reduced or absent when the response sequence of the irrelevant dimension was repeated.
  • Suppression was observed at the response level, not the perceptual level of the irrelevant dimension.
  • Numerical value or physical size repetition did not yield the same reduction in the congruity effect.

Conclusions:

  • Automatic activation of irrelevant stimulus dimensions is suppressed at the response level.
  • Findings clarify the interaction between numerical magnitude and physical size.
  • Response variability and stimulus characteristics influence automatic processing suppression.