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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
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Cholera is an acute gastrointestinal disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It is transmitted primarily via the fecal-oral route through the ingestion of contaminated water or food.Vibrio cholerae is a motile, Gram-negative bacterium of the family Vibrionaceae, primarily associated with waterborne outbreaks in areas with inadequate sanitation. Although over 200 serogroups of V. cholerae exist, only O1 and O139 are responsible for epidemic cholera. The O1 serogroup,...
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Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Epithelial Cell Infection Analyses with Shigella
04:56

Epithelial Cell Infection Analyses with Shigella

Published on: February 9, 2024

Shigella targets T cells.

John L Telford1, Cosima T Baldari

  • 1Novartis Vaccines, Siena, Italy.

Cell Host & Microbe
|April 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Shigella bacteria use a syringe-like mechanism to inject toxins into host cells, aiding colonization and immune evasion. New research reveals Shigella also disrupts T cell adaptive immunity by breaking down a key signaling molecule called phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2).

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Epithelial Cell Infection Analyses with Shigella
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06:11

A High-throughput Shigella-specific Bactericidal Assay

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08:56

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Published on: May 24, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Shigella employs a type III secretion system (T3SS) to inject effector proteins into host cells, crucial for bacterial pathogenesis and overcoming innate immunity.
  • The bacterium's ability to manipulate host cell processes is key to its colonization and the establishment of infection.

Discussion:

  • This study reveals that Shigella's T3SS targets T cells, a critical component of adaptive immunity.
  • The mechanism involves the disruption of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) signaling within T cells.

Key Insights:

  • Shigella actively subverts adaptive immunity, specifically T cell responses, in addition to innate immune defenses.
  • PIP2 breakdown is identified as a novel strategy used by Shigella to impair T cell function.

Outlook:

  • Further investigation into the precise molecular interactions between Shigella effectors and PIP2 metabolism in T cells is warranted.
  • Understanding this immune evasion tactic could lead to new therapeutic strategies against Shigella infections.