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Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

Self-Report Tests of Personality

Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
Measures of Intelligence01:29

Measures of Intelligence

Psychologists measure intelligence by using standardized tests that produce a score known as the intelligence quotient or IQ. To understand IQ tests, it's important to recognize the key principles behind their construction: validity, reliability, and standardization.
Validity refers to how well a test measures what it claims to measure. An intelligence test should accurately assess intelligence rather than another characteristic, like anxiety. Criterion validity is one way to evaluate this; it...
Wechsler's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence01:23

Wechsler's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence

David Wechsler, a psychologist who worked with World War I veterans, developed a significant IQ test in 1939 called the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale. This test was innovative because it combined several subtests that measured both verbal and nonverbal skills, reflecting Wechsler's belief that intelligence is a global capacity involving purposeful action, rational thinking, and effective interaction with the environment. This test later evolved into the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale...
Strategies of Self-Presentation III: Self-Monitoring01:24

Strategies of Self-Presentation III: Self-Monitoring

Self-monitoring is a central construct in understanding individual differences in self-presentation strategies across social contexts. It refers to how individuals observe, regulate, and control their expressive behavior and self-presentation following situational cues. Self-monitoring reflects a person's sensitivity to social appropriateness and willingness to adapt behavior to fit varying interpersonal demands.High vs. Low Self-Monitoring IndividualsIndividuals high in self-monitoring are...
Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model01:29

Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model

The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
Response Surface Methodology01:16

Response Surface Methodology

Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is a collection of statistical and mathematical techniques used to develop, improve, and optimize processes. It is particularly valuable when many input variables or factors potentially influence a response variable.
The process of RSM involves several key steps:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics (BM-PROMA)
10:58

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics (BM-PROMA)

Published on: August 28, 2021

[Performance assessment using the Many-Facet Rasch Measurement].

Gerardo Prieto Adánez1

  • 1Universidad de Salamanca, 37005 Salamanca, Spain. gprieto@usal.es

Psicothema
|April 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The Many-Facet Rasch Measurement (MFRM) effectively analyzes constructed-response tests and rater severity. This method identifies extreme raters and enhances understanding of assessment variability for objective measurement.

Area of Science:

  • Educational Measurement
  • Psychometrics
  • Statistical Modeling

Context:

  • Assessing constructed-response items presents challenges in rater variability.
  • The Diplomas in Spanish as a Foreign Language (DELE) test is used as a case study.
  • Understanding sources of variability is crucial for accurate assessment.

Purpose:

  • To demonstrate the application of Many-Facet Rasch Measurement (MFRM) for constructed-response items and rater analysis.
  • To introduce MFRM and its facet analysis procedures.
  • To examine variability effects on student performance using the FACETS program.

Summary:

  • The study applies Many-Facet Rasch Measurement (MFRM) to analyze constructed-response items and rater performance.
  • Facet analysis procedures are detailed, with an example using the DELE test and FACETS software.

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  • Results show MFRM's utility in identifying raters with extreme severity and improving comprehension of assessment processes.
  • Impact:

    • MFRM provides objective measurement of assessment facets, including rater severity.
    • The method enhances the understanding of factors influencing student performance in language assessments.
    • Facilitates the detection of inconsistent or biased raters, improving overall assessment quality.