Overview on platelet preservation: better controls over storage lesion

Area of Science:

• Transfusion Medicine
• Hematology
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Platelet storage lesion (PSL) compromises platelet recovery, survival, and hemostatic function post-transfusion.
• PSL involves platelet activation, energy depletion, necrosis, and apoptosis during storage.
• Storage conditions like duration, temperature, and container properties significantly impact PSL.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review factors influencing platelet storage lesion.
• To highlight recent advancements in storage media and container technology for preserving platelet quality.
• To emphasize the clinical benefit of improved platelet products.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on platelet storage lesion.
• Analysis of factors affecting platelet viability during storage.
• Evaluation of novel storage solutions and container materials.

Main Results:

• Optimized storage media enhance ATP production and buffer metabolic byproducts.
• Improved container oxygen permeability supports aerobic glycolysis, reducing anaerobic metabolism.
• These advancements mitigate morphological and molecular signs of platelet activation and degradation.

Conclusions:

• Advances in storage media and containers are crucial for reducing platelet storage lesion.
• Higher quality platelet products with extended shelf-life can be achieved.
• Improved platelet storage directly benefits patient outcomes through enhanced hemostatic capacity.