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Related Concept Videos

Integration of Synaptic Events01:28

Integration of Synaptic Events

Synaptic integration mainly includes the summation of graded potentials. Graded potentials, regardless of their type, cause subtle alterations in membrane voltage, resulting in either depolarization or hyperpolarization. These incremental changes, when combined or summed, can propel the neuron toward its threshold. Consider, for example, a membrane experiencing a +15 mV shift, causing it to depolarize from -70 mV to -55 mV. In this scenario, graded potentials govern the membrane's ability to...
Postsynaptic Potential (PSP)01:32

Postsynaptic Potential (PSP)

Postsynaptic potential (PSP) refers to a change in the electrical potential of a neuron when neurotransmitters released by presynaptic neurons bind to postsynaptic receptors. This potential can either be excitatory, leading to depolarization and ultimately action potential generation, or inhibitory, leading to hyperpolarization and suppression of the postsynaptic neuron.
There are two types of receptors: ionotropic and metabotropic.
The ionotropic receptor is the membrane protein that has an...
Propagation of Action Potentials01:23

Propagation of Action Potentials

The propagation of an action potential refers to the process by which a nerve impulse, or "action potential," travels along a neuron.
Neurons (nerve cells) have a resting membrane potential, with a slightly negative charge inside compared to outside. This is maintained by ion channels, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) channels, which control the flow of ions. When a stimulus, like a touch or a signal from another neuron, triggers the neuron, sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to...
Action Potential: Phases of Stimulation01:28

Action Potential: Phases of Stimulation

The action potential is a complex electrical event that occurs in excitable cells, such as neurons and muscle cells. It consists of several distinct phases, each with specific characteristics.
Resting Phase:
In this phase, the cell's membrane is at its resting potential, typically around -70 millivolts (mV) for neurons. Inside the cell, there is a higher concentration of potassium ions (K+) and a lower concentration of sodium ions (Na+). Voltage-gated sodium channels are closed, and...
Graded Potential01:19

Graded Potential

Graded potentials are localized fluctuations in the cell membrane's electrical charge, commonly found in the dendrites of neurons. The magnitude of these potential changes depends on the strength of the initiating stimulus. In a membrane at its resting potential, a graded potential signifies a voltage shift either above -70 mV or below -70 mV.
Graded potentials fall into two categories: depolarizing and hyperpolarizing. Depolarizing graded potentials typically occur when sodium (Na+) or calcium...
Action Potentials01:41

Action Potentials

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Concurrent Recording of Co-localized Electroencephalography and Local Field Potential in Rodent
08:31

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Published on: November 30, 2017

The local field potential reflects surplus spike synchrony.

Michael Denker1, Sébastien Roux, Henrik Lindén

  • 1RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. mdenker@brain.riken.jp

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|April 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Precise neuronal synchrony, not just firing rates, explains local field potential (LFP) oscillations. Millisecond-range coincident spiking significantly enhances LFP phase locking, revealing a key mechanism for neural communication.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Systems Neuroscience

Background:

  • Local field potential (LFP) oscillations are commonly linked to neuronal firing rate synchronization.
  • The precise relationship between millisecond-range coincident spiking and LFP is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between precise coincident spiking and LFP.
  • To reconcile synchrony at the spiking and mesoscopic levels.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental analysis of neuronal firing and LFP.
  • Quantitative modeling of LFP dynamics.
  • Correlation analysis of spike synchrony.

Main Results:

  • Coincident spikes show enhanced phase locking to LFP beyond firing rate predictions.
  • This effect is more pronounced during large LFP amplitude periods.
  • A model demonstrates that orchestrated spiking activity explains LFP dynamics and surplus synchrony.

Conclusions:

  • Precise spike synchrony is a significant component of the LFP.
  • Neurons contribute a fraction of spikes to temporally precise configurations within dynamic constellations.
  • This provides direct evidence for spike synchrony as a temporally and spatially organized element of LFP.