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Updated: Jun 2, 2026
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Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture
Published on: October 12, 2018
Herpes simplex and HIV infections and preterm PROM
Robert M Ehsanipoor1, Carol A Major
1Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. rehsani1@jhmi.edu.
Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology
|April 22, 2011
Summary
Maternal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections during pregnancy pose risks for vertical transmission. Management of preterm premature rupture of membranes requires balancing transmission risks against prematurity concerns.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Infectious Diseases
- Neonatal Health
Background:
- Maternal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections in pregnancy can lead to vertical transmission.
- Vertical transmission poses risks of death or morbidity in newborns.
- Risk of transmission is amplified by preterm delivery and prolonged ruptured membranes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the management of preterm premature rupture of membranes in pregnant individuals with HIV and/or HSV.
- To weigh the risks of vertical transmission against the risks associated with prematurity.
- To inform clinical decision-making for optimizing maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical guidelines and risk factors associated with maternal HIV and HSV infections.
- Analysis of management strategies for preterm premature rupture of membranes in affected pregnancies.
- Consideration of factors influencing vertical transmission risk, including disease control and infection type.
Main Results:
- Expectant management is often preferred before 32 to 34 weeks gestation for well-controlled HIV or recurrent HSV.
- Higher vertical transmission risks are associated with advanced HIV disease or primary HSV infection.
- Clinical factors necessitate individualized management approaches.
Conclusions:
- Balancing transmission and prematurity risks is crucial in managing preterm premature rupture of membranes.
- Tailored management strategies are essential for pregnant individuals with HIV and HSV.
- Optimizing care can mitigate adverse outcomes for both mother and child.
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