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Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
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Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy.

Surjit S Rai1, Raman C Mahabir, John W Roberts

  • 1School of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Temple, TX, USA.

Annals of Plastic Surgery
|April 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary
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Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) in unilateral breast cancer patients revealed nearly 1 in 5 had malignancy or high-risk lesions. Age over 54 and lobular histology were key predictors.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Breast Cancer Research

Background:

  • Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) is a surgical option for unilateral breast cancer.
  • Pathological findings in CPM specimens require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of occult pathology in CPM specimens.
  • To identify risk factors associated with these findings.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 301 patients undergoing CPM for unilateral breast cancer.
  • Chart review to assess disease status and exposure parameters.

Main Results:

  • 4.7% of CPM specimens showed malignancy; 15.0% had moderate-to-high risk lesions.

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  • Age >54 years and lobular histology were independent predictors of adverse pathology.

    • Conclusions:

    • Nearly 20% of patients undergoing CPM had malignancy or premalignant lesions.
    • Age and histology are crucial factors in risk assessment for CPM.