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Complement genetics and host defence.

P J Lachmann1

  • 1Molecular Immunopathology Unit, MRC Centre, Cambridge, U.K.

Zentralblatt Fur Bakteriologie : International Journal of Medical Microbiology
|December 1, 1990
PubMed
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Complement proteins show high allelic variation, with C3 being a key example. Their primary roles include fighting bacterial infections, especially Neisseria, and preventing immune complex diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Molecular Immunology
  • Human Genetics

Background:

  • Allelic variation is frequent in complement proteins, impacting immune responses.
  • The complement system plays a crucial role in host defense and immune regulation.
  • Understanding genetic variations in complement proteins is vital for comprehending disease susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the frequency and functional significance of allelic variation in complement proteins.
  • To identify specific complement protein alleles that confer resistance or susceptibility to infections and immune complex diseases.
  • To elucidate the role of complement system polymorphisms in host immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of allelic frequencies in human populations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Functional assays to assess the impact of different complement protein alleles on immune function.
  • Review of existing literature on complement deficiencies and polymorphisms.

    • Main Results:

    • Complement protein C3 exhibits significant allelic variation, making it a strong candidate for selective polymorphism.
    • While C4 and Factor B variations within the MHC are complex, evidence suggests only null alleles or specific isotypes (C4A, C4B) impact resistance.
    • Complement deficiencies primarily impair resistance to bacterial infections (especially Neisseria) and lead to immune complex diseases.

    Conclusions:

    • The major functions of the complement system are bacterial infection resistance and immune complex disease prevention.
    • Allelic variations in complement proteins, particularly C3, have functional consequences for immunity.
    • Subtle contributions of complement protein polymorphism to immunity against various infections are suggested by current data.