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Updated: Jun 2, 2026

The Immediate Partial Removal of Cumulus-Oocyte Complexes: A Refined Approach for Rapid Observation of In Vitro Fertilization
Published on: October 18, 2024
The progressive simplification of the infertility evaluation
Mary Ellen Pavone1, Jennifer E Hirshfeld-Cytron, Ralph R Kazer
1Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. m-pavone@northwestern.edu
Objective:
With the advent of evidence-based medicine, much of the complex testing that infertile couples used to undergo is no longer recommended as part of the routine evaluation. Examples of tests no longer implemented include the postcoital test, Rubin test of tubal patency, endometrial biopsy, sperm antibody testing, and the zona-free hamster test. The role of routine diagnostic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy is also reviewed.
Conclusions:
In 2010, the simplicity of the current evaluation of couples presenting with infertility is essential information for patients to know at the initial visit. Ideally, it can help alleviate anxiety and provide patients with a road-map during a visit that is often associated with stress and high emotions.
Target Audience:
Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians.
Learning Objectives:
After completion of this educational activity, the obstetrician/gynecologist should be better able to assess the current recommendations for evaluating infertile couples; examine the various ways to assess ovarian reserve, the uterine cavity, and fallopian patency; and appraise the controversy surrounding diagnostic surgery.
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