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Related Concept Videos

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Decongestants01:27

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Decongestants

Decongestants are a class of medications used primarily to alleviate nasal congestion, a common symptom resulting from allergies, colds, sinusitis, and other upper respiratory tract infections. These drugs work by activating α-adrenergic receptors, constricting small blood vessels in the nasal membranes. This action results in the opening of clogged nasal passages, thereby facilitating sinus drainage and relieving congestion.
Most decongestants are readily available over-the-counter in various...
Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics01:23

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics

Respiratory symptoms, such as congestion and cough, commonly accompany respiratory tract conditions. Various medications, such as antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics, play crucial roles in providing relief.
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla.  Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by anesthetizing...
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs through the...
Adrenergic Agonists: Mixed-Action Agents01:28

Adrenergic Agonists: Mixed-Action Agents

Mixed-action adrenergic agonists, like ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, directly and indirectly affect adrenergic receptors. These agents stimulate adrenoceptors and indirectly release stored neurotransmitters, amplifying the adrenergic response.
Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine lack a catecholamine group, making them less susceptible to degradation by metabolic enzymes. They have increased oral bioavailability and lipophilicity, resulting in a longer duration of action. Their response is reduced by...
Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists

Bronchodilators are critical in managing asthma, a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway constriction due to inflammation and hyper-reactivity. Specifically, bronchodilators ease this constriction by relaxing the bronchial muscles, facilitating easier breathing.
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Novel Methods for Intranasal Administration Under Inhalation Anesthesia to Evaluate Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery
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Nasal obstruction as a drug side effect.

Cemal Cingi1, Tunis Ozdoganoglu, Murat Songu

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osmangazi University Medical Faculty, Eskisehir, Turkey.

Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease
|April 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Drug-induced rhinitis, or a stuffy nose from medication, is a common but underrecognized condition. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of nasal obstruction from drug use are crucial to prevent complications.

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Published on: May 20, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Nasal obstruction, commonly presenting as a 'stuffy nose', is a frequent medical complaint.
  • Medications impacting the autonomic nervous system can cause nasal vasoactivity.
  • Drug-induced rhinitis is an under-researched cause of nasal obstruction, often overlooked.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight drug-induced rhinitis as a significant cause of nasal obstruction.
  • To underscore the importance of considering medication side effects in patients with nasal congestion.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on drug-induced rhinitis.
  • Analysis of the vasoactive effects of medications on nasal mucosa.

Main Results:

  • Nasal obstruction can occur due to drug use, independent of allergies or infections.
  • Chronic medication use may lead to evolving and underestimated nasal obstruction.
  • Limited existing literature solely focuses on drug-induced rhinitis.

Conclusions:

  • Drug-induced rhinitis requires recognition and appropriate management.
  • Treatment may involve medication adjustment or surgical intervention.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand and address this condition.