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Multimodal Approach to Assess Bone Regeneration and Scaffold Performance

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Direct visualization and quantification of bone growth into porous titanium implants using micro computed tomography.

E Baril¹, L P Lefebvre, S A Hacking

¹National Research Council Canada-Industrial Materials Institute, 75 de Mortagne Blvd., Boucherville, QC, J4B 6Y4, Canada. eric.baril@cnrc-nrc.gc.ca

Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine

|April 23, 2011

Summary

Micro-computed tomography (μCT) effectively quantifies bone ingrowth in porous titanium implants, matching traditional histology. This 3D imaging method offers a faster alternative for assessing implant-bone integration.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Orthopaedic Research
Medical Imaging

Background:

Porous metals are vital for integrating orthopaedic implants with bone.
Quantifying bone response to implants traditionally involves laborious histology.
Micro-computed tomography (μCT) offers a potential 3D imaging solution.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate and compare micro-computed tomography (μCT) with histology for quantifying bone ingrowth in porous titanium implants.
To assess the effectiveness of μCT in measuring bone volume and implant porosity.

Main Methods:

Cylindrical porous titanium implants were inserted into rabbit femora and tibiae.
Bone ingrowth was analyzed after 6 weeks using μCT, light microscopy, and backscattered electron microscopy.
Quantification involved measuring bone volume, implant porosity, and pore interconnections.

Main Results:

μCT-derived bone volume and implant porosity closely correlated with traditional histology findings.
Bone ingrowth was observed in pores with interconnections larger than 9.4 μm.
Pore interconnection size above 28.2 μm had minimal effect on bone density within titanium foam.

Conclusions:

μCT is a suitable and effective technique for quantifying bone ingrowth in porous titanium implants.
This 3D imaging approach provides a reliable and potentially more efficient alternative to conventional histology.
Findings highlight the importance of pore interconnection size for successful bone integration.