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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Modeling Tuberculosis in Mycobacterium marinum Infected Adult Zebrafish
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Modeling Tuberculosis in Mycobacterium marinum Infected Adult Zebrafish

Published on: October 8, 2018

[Human genetics of tuberculosis].

Laurent Abel1, Jean-laurent Casanova

  • 1Laboratoire de Génétique Humaine des Maladies Infectieuses, Branche Necker, Université Paris Descartes, Inserm U980, 156, rue de Vaugirard-75015 Paris. laurent.abel@inserm.fr

Bulletin De L'Academie Nationale De Medecine
|April 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Genetic factors significantly influence tuberculosis (TB) development. Understanding these human genetics, from Mendelian to complex predispositions, is key for new TB vaccines and treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Context:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) affects millions annually, yet only 10% of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected individuals develop the disease.
  • Complex host-pathogen and environmental interactions dictate TB clinical outcomes.
  • Human genetic factors play a crucial role in determining susceptibility to TB.

Purpose:

  • To explore the human genetic basis of tuberculosis susceptibility.
  • To review findings from candidate gene association studies and genome-wide screening.
  • To highlight the spectrum of genetic predisposition, from Mendelian to complex traits.

Summary:

  • Association studies reveal consistent links between certain HLA class II alleles and NRAMP1 gene variants and TB risk.
  • Genome-wide screening identified a major TB susceptibility locus on chromosome 8q12-q13 in a Moroccan population.
  • Mendelian genetic defects in the IL-12/23-IFNgamma pathway, like IL-12Rbeta1 deficiency, can cause isolated TB.

Impact:

  • Advances in understanding TB genetics will inform immunological insights and medical strategies.
  • Identifying genetic determinants of TB is crucial for developing novel vaccines and therapies.
  • Elucidating the genetic architecture of TB susceptibility can lead to personalized prevention and treatment approaches.