Related Experiment Videos
Age span challenges: adherence in pediatric oncology.
1Center for Cancer Survivorship, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, DPS-173, Duarte, CA 91010, USA. wlandier@coh.org
Seminars in Oncology Nursing
|April 26, 2011
Summary
Ensuring children with cancer adhere to oral cancer medications is complex, involving parents and children. Nurses are vital in providing education and support for safe home medication administration.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Patient Adherence Research
Background:
- Oral antineoplastic agents are increasingly utilized in pediatric cancer treatment.
- Supportive care regimens for pediatric cancer patients frequently involve oral medications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing literature on adherence to oral antineoplastic agents in children with cancer.
- To identify challenges associated with medication adherence in this population.
- To examine the implications of these challenges for clinical practice.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases.
Main Results:
- Adherence to oral antineoplastic agents in pediatric oncology is a multifaceted issue.
- Challenges are influenced by the child's developmental stage, behavioral factors, and parental involvement.
Conclusions:
- Effective adherence requires understanding and addressing the complex interplay between child development, behavior, and parental support.
- Nurses are crucial in providing targeted education and psychosocial support to enhance medication adherence.
Related Concept Videos
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion
In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption
Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism
In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution
Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children
Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...