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Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills
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Modeling trait and state variation using multilevel factor analysis with PANAS daily diary data.

Erin L Merz1, Scott C Roesch

  • 1SDSU/UCSD Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Court, Suite 103, San Diego, CA 92120-4913.

Journal of Research in Personality
|April 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study modeled trait and state Positive Affect (PA) and Negative Affect (NA) in college students. Findings indicate both trait and state measures of affect are linked to psychological well-being and self-esteem, with potential differences in predictive utility.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Affective Science
  • Quantitative Psychology

Background:

  • Understanding the distinction between stable (trait) and fluctuating (state) emotional experiences is crucial in psychology.
  • The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) is a widely used tool for measuring affect.
  • Previous research has explored trait and state affect, but their interplay and differential associations require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model trait and state Positive Affect (PA) and Negative Affect (NA) in a college student sample.
  • To examine the multilevel structure of PA and NA using daily diary data.
  • To investigate the associations between trait/state PA/NA and psychological variables like stress, anxiety, depression, and self-esteem.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized daily diary data from 364 college students over five days.
  • Employed multilevel factor analysis to model trait and state affect.
  • Applied the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) for affect measurement.

Main Results:

  • Intraclass correlation coefficients indicated similar variability at trait and state levels.
  • A multilevel factor model with two correlated factors (PA, NA) and correlated uniqueness terms showed the best fit.
  • Both trait and state PA/NA were associated with stress, anxiety, depression, and performance, academic, and social self-esteem.

Conclusions:

  • Trait and state affect are distinct yet related constructs with comparable variability in college students.
  • Affective states and traits are linked to various indicators of psychological distress and self-perception.
  • Trait and state measures of affect may possess unique predictive capabilities in understanding psychological phenomena.