Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills
Published on: September 17, 2019
Modeling trait and state variation using multilevel factor analysis with PANAS daily diary data
1SDSU/UCSD Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Court, Suite 103, San Diego, CA 92120-4913.
Abstract:
This study used daily diary data to model trait and state Positive Affect (PA) and Negative Affect (NA) using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS; Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988). Data were collected from 364 college students over five days. Intraclass correlation coefficients suggested approximately equal amounts of variability at the trait and state levels. Multilevel factor analysis revealed that the model specifying two correlated factors (PA, NA) and correlated uniqueness terms among redundant items provided the best fit. Trait and state PA and NA were generally associated with stress, anxiety, depression, and three types of self-esteem (performance, academic, social). The coefficients describing these relationships differed somewhat, suggesting that trait and state measurement may have different predictive utility.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Factorial Design
Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Individual and Population Analysis
Variability: Analysis
The range is a simple measure of variability, indicating the difference between the highest and...
Longitudinal Studies
Multiple Allele Traits
Multiple Allele Traits

