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Growing Neural Stem Cells from Conventional and Nonconventional Regions of the Adult Rodent Brain
11:27

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Published on: November 18, 2013

Flexibility of neural stem cells.

Eumorphia Remboutsika1, Maximilianos Elkouris, Angelo Iulianella

  • 1Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming," Athens, Greece.

Frontiers in Physiology
|April 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Neural stem cells in the embryonic cortex are Sox2-dependent. Sox2 expression maintains their Pax6(+) radial glia identity and regulates their plasticity, preserving cortical characteristics.

Keywords:
Sox genesgliogenesisneural crestneural stem cellneurogenesisradial gliaself-renewalstem cell niche

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Embryonic cortical neural stem cells are self-renewing and can differentiate into neurons and glia.
  • Neural stem cells are crucial for brain development and understanding their regulation is key.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Sox2 in maintaining the identity and plasticity of embryonic cortical neural stem cells.
  • To determine how Sox2 expression influences the fate of neural stem cells under different conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of neurospheres from mouse embryonic cortex using a genetic model for lineage selection.
  • In vitro culture and transplantation assays into chick and mouse embryos.
  • Analysis of Sox2 and Pax6 expression patterns.

Main Results:

  • Self-renewing neural stem cells were restricted to Sox2-expressing cells.
  • Under normal conditions, neurospheres were heterogeneous; under lineage selection (all cells Sox2+), neural stem cells retained Pax6(+) cortical radial glia identity.
  • Sox2-expressing cells maintained cortical identity and showed restricted fate plasticity.

Conclusions:

  • Sox2 is essential for preserving the cortical identity of self-renewing Pax6(+) radial glia cells.
  • Sox2 regulates the plasticity of these neural stem cells, influencing their differentiation potential.