Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 2, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
Published on: December 4, 2017
Variational formula for experimental determination of high-order correlations of current fluctuations in driven
Takahiro Nemoto1, Shin-ichi Sasa
1Department of Basic Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
Abstract:
For Brownian motion of a single-particle subject to a tilted periodic potential on a ring, we propose a formula for experimentally determining the cumulant generating function of time-averaged current without measurements of current fluctuations. We first derive this formula phenomenologically on the basis of two key relations: a fluctuation relation associated with Onsager's principle of the least-energy dissipation in a sufficiently local region and an additivity relation by which spatially inhomogeneous fluctuations can be properly considered. We then derive the formula without any phenomenological assumptions. We also demonstrate its practical advantage by numerical experiments.
Related Concept Videos
Correlation of Experimental Data
For example, a spherical particle moving through a viscous fluid experiences drag. Dimensional analysis shows that the drag force depends on the particle's diameter, velocity, and...
Differential Form of Maxwell's Equations
Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear.
Calculation of First-Law Quantities II
The Hall Effect
The Delta-to-Y Circuit
