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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
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Leishmaniasis

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Related Experiment Videos

Osteomyelitis variolosa: a case report.

Douraiswami Balaji1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, Kirumampakkam, Puducherry, India.

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery (Hong Kong)
|April 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Osteomyelitis variolosa, a rare bone infection from smallpox virus variola major, can cause severe joint deformities. This case highlights its potential long-term skeletal complications, even decades after initial infection.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Virology

Background:

  • Osteomyelitis variolosa is a rare bone and joint infection caused by the smallpox virus, variola major.
  • It typically affects the extremities, including elbows, wrists, ankles, hands, and feet.

Observation:

  • A 70-year-old woman presented with deformities in her right knee, bilateral elbows and ankles, and left hand.
  • She had a history of childhood fever and rashes, suggestive of a past smallpox infection.
  • Radiographic examination revealed significant skeletal abnormalities, including hypoplasia, ankylosis, dislocation, shortening, and destruction of multiple bones and joints.

Findings:

  • The patient exhibited a hypoplastic lateral femoral condyle with patella baja in the right knee.
  • Her right elbow was ankylosed, and the left elbow showed dislocation and multidirectional instability.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Shortened third and fourth metacarpals were noted in the left hand, along with stiff, valgus-deformed ankles and destroyed taluses.

    • Implications:

    • This case underscores the potential for severe, long-lasting orthopedic sequelae from osteomyelitis variolosa.
    • It highlights the importance of considering viral bone infections in the differential diagnosis of complex joint deformities.
    • Further research may elucidate the pathogenesis and long-term management strategies for this rare condition.