Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists01:30

Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists

Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function. They...
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
Metacognition01:26

Metacognition

Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
Dementia l: Introduction01:22

Dementia l: Introduction

Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Time to Rebaseline Cognitive Performance in People with Multiple Sclerosis?

Annals of neurology·2023
Same author

Baseline characteristics and effects of fingolimod on cognitive performance in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

European journal of neurology·2021
Same author

Improving MS patients' understanding of treatment risks and benefits in clinical consultations: A randomised crossover trial.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders·2021
Same author

Polish validation of the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS battery): correlation of cognitive impairment with mood disorders and fatigue.

Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska·2020
Same author

Best Methods of Communicating Clinical Trial Data to Improve Understanding of Treatments for Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.

Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research·2018
Same author

Functional training is a senseless strategy in MS cognitive rehabilitation: Strategy training is the only useful approach - NO.

Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

Cognition in multiple sclerosis.

Dawn W Langdon1

  • 1Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK. d.langdon@rhul.ac.uk

Current Opinion in Neurology
|April 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS) impacts patients significantly. While cognitive reserve offers protection, further research is needed for effective, individualized MS treatment strategies.

More Related Videos

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla
08:51

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Published on: February 19, 2021

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
11:35

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

Published on: June 30, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla
08:51

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Published on: February 19, 2021

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
11:35

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

Published on: June 30, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment is a significant challenge for individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Understanding the relationship between MS disease activity, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and cognitive function is crucial.
  • Factors like depression and fatigue can exacerbate cognitive deficits in MS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of cognition in MS.
  • To examine the impact of MS on patients' lives.
  • To explore the relationship between cognitive impairment and disease variables, including MRI findings, depression, and fatigue, and to review available treatment options.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current research on cognition in MS.
  • Analysis of the role of cognitive reserve in mitigating MS-related cognitive decline.
  • Examination of emerging neuroimaging techniques, including advanced MRI and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) studies.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive reserve appears to play a protective role against cognitive impairment in MS.
  • New MRI techniques and PET studies are advancing the understanding of MS pathophysiology and its cognitive consequences.
  • Specific cognitive domains are more vulnerable to the effects of MS.

Conclusions:

  • Cognition is a high-priority issue for patients with MS.
  • The natural history of cognitive deficits in MS is relatively well-understood.
  • Further research is necessary to develop precise, individualized treatment recommendations for cognitive impairment in MS.