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System for Focal, Closed-System Central Nervous System Injury

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[Fatal airgun shot].

Maciej Kedzierski¹, Ewa Meissner, Jarosław Berent

¹Katedry i Zakładu Medycyny Sadowej Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi.

Archiwum Medycyny Sadowej I Kryminologii

|April 28, 2011

Summary

This case report details a fatal airgun injury involving a 4.5 mm pellet striking the left subclavian artery. It highlights the potential lethality of seemingly low-powered airguns, even when used accidentally.

Area of Science:

Forensic Pathology
Ballistics
Trauma Surgery

Background:

Airguns, like the Magnum Sport 4.5 mm, fire Diabolo pellets at velocities of 260-290 m/s.
Weapons with energy below 17 J do not require registration in many jurisdictions.
The circumstances of the injury were disputed, with possibilities of accident or intentional self-harm.

Observation:

Autopsy revealed a rounded neck wound with minimal livor mortis.
The pellet track extended 5-6 cm from the skin to the mediastinum.
A V-shaped, full-thickness injury was identified in the left subclavian artery.

Findings:

The airgun pellet caused a significant vascular injury to the left subclavian artery.
Sugillation in the vessel's adventitia indicated hemorrhage.

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The trajectory penetrated vital thoracic structures.

Implications:

This case underscores the potential for serious, even fatal, injuries from low-energy airguns.
It emphasizes the importance of forensic investigation in determining the nature of airgun incidents.
Medical professionals should consider airgun projectiles in the differential diagnosis of penetrating neck trauma.