Related Experiment Videos
Cholera outbreak in Tumpat, Kelantan-1990
1Dept. Community Medicine School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan.
The Medical Journal of Malaysia
|September 1, 1990
Summary
Two El Tor cholera outbreaks in Tumpat, Kelantan, were linked to poor sanitation and hygiene. River water and clams were identified as sources, with person-to-person spread via contaminated food and water.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Two El Tor cholera outbreaks occurred in Tumpat, Kelantan, from January to May 1990.
- The outbreaks involved 109 cases and 85 carriers, with distinct Inaba and Ogawa serotypes.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the source and transmission of the cholera outbreaks.
- Identify preventive measures to control the spread of cholera.
Main Methods:
- Epidemiological investigation of all reported cases and carriers.
- Identification of transmission routes and potential sources of infection.
- Analysis of outbreak patterns and contributing factors.
Main Results:
- The outbreak was characterized by poor basic sanitation and personal hygiene.
- Person-to-person transmission through contaminated food and water was the primary mode of spread.
- Kelantan river water and river clams were confirmed as reservoirs for Vibrio cholerae.
Conclusions:
- Urgent improvements in potable water supply and public health education are recommended.
- Intensified year-round surveillance is crucial for early detection and prevention.
- Public health initiatives should focus on discouraging the use of river water and consumption of raw food.