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Related Concept Videos

Pollination and Flower Structure02:40

Pollination and Flower Structure

Flowers are the reproductive, seed-producing structures of angiosperms. Typically, flowers consist of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. Sepals and petals are the vegetative flower organs. Stamens and carpels are the reproductive organs.
Law of Independent Assortment02:03

Law of Independent Assortment

While Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that the two alleles for one gene are separated into different gametes, a different question of how different genes are inherited remains. For example, is the gene for tall plants inherited with the gene for green peas? Mendel asked this question by experimenting with a dihybrid cross; a cross in which both parents are homozygous for two distinct traits resulting in an F1 generation that are heterozygous for both traits.
Law of Independent Assortment02:03

Law of Independent Assortment

While Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that the two alleles for one gene are separated into different gametes, a different question of how different genes are inherited remains. For example, is the gene for tall plants inherited with the gene for green peas? Mendel asked this question by experimenting with a dihybrid cross; a cross in which both parents are homozygous for two distinct traits resulting in an F1 generation that are heterozygous for both traits.
Law of Segregation01:49

Law of Segregation

When crossing pea plants, Mendel noticed that one of the parental traits would sometimes disappear in the first generation of offspring, called the F1 generation, and could reappear in the next generation (F2). He concluded that one of the traits must be dominant over the other, thereby causing masking of one trait in the F1 generation. When he crossed the F1 plants, he found that 75% of the offspring in the F2 generation had the dominant phenotype, while 25% had the recessive phenotype.
Morphogenesis02:19

Morphogenesis

Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.
Trihybrid Crosses02:27

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal chance to...

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Field Experiments of Pollination Ecology: The Case of Lycoris sanguinea var. sanguinea
07:19

Field Experiments of Pollination Ecology: The Case of Lycoris sanguinea var. sanguinea

Published on: November 25, 2016

Demography, pollination, and Baker's Law.

Jeremiah W Busch1

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA. jwbusch@wsu.edu

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
|April 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Baker's Law suggests selfing during dispersal, but theory shows adaptation favors either dispersal with outcrossing or no dispersal with selfing. Demographic factors, not pollination alone, may explain Baker's Law patterns.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Ecology
  • Population Genetics

Background:

  • Baker's Law posits that self-fertilization (selfing) is favored during dispersal due to mate limitation in new populations.
  • Recent theoretical models challenge this, questioning if both selfing and dispersal co-evolve under selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the joint evolution of dispersal and selfing rates in metapopulations with variable pollination environments.
  • To determine the conditions under which Baker's Law predictions hold true or are contradicted by evolutionary models.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of metapopulation dynamics.
  • Analysis of the joint evolution of dispersal and selfing rates.
  • Examination of the role of pollination environment variability.

Main Results:

  • Adaptation favors distinct strategies: "dispersal/outcrosser" or "no dispersal/selfing" syndromes.
  • Pollination environment variation alone does not create an association between selfing and dispersal.
  • Demographic factors during dispersal may be crucial for patterns aligning with Baker's Law.

Conclusions:

  • Baker's Law may not universally hold; its predictive utility depends on specific demographic factors like seed banks or multiple introductions.
  • The assumptions underlying Baker's Law require careful consideration in light of theoretical challenges.