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Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration01:21

Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration

Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon towards...
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Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Imaging G-protein Coupled Receptor (GPCR)-mediated Signaling Events that Control Chemotaxis of Dictyostelium Discoideum
09:40

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Published on: September 20, 2011

PI3K and chemotaxis: a priming issue?

Philippe V Afonso1, Carole A Parent

  • 1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Science Signaling
|April 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell migration relies on phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) for polarity, but some cells can still move directionally without measurable PI3K activity, depending on their state.

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Imaging G-protein Coupled Receptor (GPCR)-mediated Signaling Events that Control Chemotaxis of Dictyostelium Discoideum
09:40

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Imaging G Protein-coupled Receptor-mediated Chemotaxis and its Signaling Events in Neutrophil-like HL60 Cells
08:24

Imaging G Protein-coupled Receptor-mediated Chemotaxis and its Signaling Events in Neutrophil-like HL60 Cells

Published on: September 14, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Spatiotemporal activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) at the leading edge is a key marker of cell polarity during chemotaxis.
  • Previous studies have shown that PI3Ks are crucial for directed cell migration.
  • However, some cell types, like Dictyostelium discoideum and neutrophils, exhibit directional migration even with absent or unmeasurable PI3K activity under specific conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of PI3K activity in cell migration and polarity.
  • To reconcile contradictory findings regarding PI3K's necessity for chemotaxis.
  • To explore the influence of cellular state on migration dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Dictyostelium discoideum and neutrophil models.
  • Assessed cell migration and polarity under various conditions.
  • Investigated PI3K activity levels and their correlation with directional movement.
  • Analyzed the impact of cell differentiation and priming status on migration.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that Dictyostelium discoideum and neutrophils can migrate directionally despite lacking measurable PI3K activity.
  • Highlighted that cell differentiation state and priming significantly influence the necessity of PI3K for migration.
  • Indicated that PI3K-independent migration pathways may exist or be compensated for in certain cellular contexts.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular differentiation and priming status are critical factors that can consolidate seemingly contradictory findings on PI3K's role in chemotaxis.
  • While PI3K activation is a key polarity marker, its absence does not always abrogate directional cell migration.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying PI3K-independent cell migration.