Study on primary cesarean section

Cesarean delivery has become a commonly used measure for delivery of the fetus. In the recent years incidence of Cesarean section (CS) has increased dramatically with massive pubic interest. It is called Primary Cesarean section when it is performed for the first time on a pregnant woman. This is a cross sectional study conducted on primary cesarean section from January to December 2004 in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Hospital, Dhaka. A total of 100 cases were selected for the study. The major findings of the study were as follows: Overall cesarean section rate was 57.87 percent and among them 74.34 percent were primary cesarean section. The median age group of patients being operated was 20 to 25 years. Most of the operations were carried out on primigravid patient due to various indications. The main indications were fetal distress (35%), pre-eclampsia (14%) and cervical dystocia (12%). The rate of emergency Cesarean section rate was 70% while elective Cesarean section was 30%. Most of the Cesarean section was performed under spinal anesthesia (96%). Maternal morbidity was 20%. Among those, post-operative infections (45%) and UTI (25%) were the most common. The less common complications were Post Partum Haemorrhage (PPH), puerperal-pyrexia, urinary bladder injury and spinal headache. 88% of the babies were born with good APGAR score (Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration). Perinatal mortality was found to be 4%. The death cases were severe perinatal asphyxia, very LBW (Low Birth Weight) and stillborn. Most of the patients (69%) were discharged from hospital within 8 days of operation.