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Related Concept Videos

Nomenclature of Primary Amines01:17

Nomenclature of Primary Amines

Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines are compounds consisting of one, two, and three alkyl groups connected to the amino group (–NH2), respectively. As depicted in Figure 1, the common name of the primary amines is obtained by adding the suffix -amine to the alkyl substituent attached to the amino group as the corresponding alkylamine.
Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives01:37

NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives

Simple unsubstituted benzene has six aromatic protons, all chemically equivalent. Therefore, benzene exhibits only a singlet peak at δ 7.3 ppm in the 1H NMR spectrum. The observed shift is far downfield because the aromatic ring current strongly deshields the protons. Any substitution on the benzene ring makes the aromatic protons nonequivalent, and the protons split each other. The peak is, therefore, no longer a singlet and the splitting pattern and their associated coupling constants depend...
Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane01:33

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Benzodiazepines01:19

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have both sedative and hypnotic properties. They include compounds such as diazepam (Valium) and alprazolam (Xanax). Structurally, their cores are similar, consisting of the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring, but they share a common mechanism of action in the central nervous system (CNS).
Benzodiazepines work by enhancing the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. They bind to the GABAA receptor, increasing its affinity for GABA, which opens chloride...
Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions01:20

Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions

Arenediazonium substitution reactions occur when the diazonium group is substituted by various functional groups such as halides, hydroxyl, nitrile, etc. For instance, arenediazonium salts react with copper(I) salts of chloride, bromide, or cyanide to form corresponding aryl chlorides, bromides, and nitriles. These reactions are named Sandmeyer reactions. Although the mechanism of this reaction is complicated, as illustrated in Figure 1, they are believed to progress via an aryl copper...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase
11:01

Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase

Published on: November 23, 2016

N,4-Dimethyl-benzamide.

Jia-Ying Xu, Wei-Hua Cheng

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |April 28, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study reveals that C(9)H(11)NO molecules form a 1D network through hydrogen bonds. The dihedral angle between the amide and benzyl groups was precisely measured.

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    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Molecular Structure
    • Supramolecular Chemistry

    Background:

    • Understanding molecular interactions is key in crystal engineering.
    • Hydrogen bonding plays a crucial role in directing crystal packing.
    • The specific compound C(9)H(11)NO was selected for structural analysis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure of C(9)H(11)NO.
    • To investigate the intermolecular interactions present in the crystal.
    • To determine the spatial arrangement of functional groups within the crystal lattice.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular structure.
    • Analysis of intermolecular contacts, specifically hydrogen bonds, was performed.
    • Geometric parameters, including dihedral angles, were calculated.

    Main Results:

    • The crystal structure of C(9)H(11)NO was successfully determined.
    • Molecules are linked by intermolecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a 1D network along the b-axis.
    • The dihedral angle between the amide group and the benzyl ring was found to be 13.8(2)°.

    Conclusions:

    • The hydrogen bonding network dictates the one-dimensional supramolecular architecture.
    • The observed dihedral angle provides insight into the conformational preferences of the molecule in the solid state.
    • This structural information is valuable for designing related compounds with specific properties.