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Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

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In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...

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Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Epitaxial Growth of Perovskite Strontium Titanate on Germanium via Atomic Layer Deposition

Epitaxial Growth of Perovskite Strontium Titanate on Germanium via Atomic Layer Deposition

Published on: July 26, 2016

Poly[μ-aqua-μ(4)-terephthalato-strontium].

Lei Yang, Dan Zhao, Guanghua Li

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online

|April 28, 2011

Summary

This study details the crystal structure of a strontium terephthalate compound. The strontium ions form an eight-coordinate complex, leading to a 3D framework via linked polyhedra and hydrogen bonds.

Area of Science:

Inorganic Chemistry
Crystallography
Materials Science

Background:

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and coordination polymers are widely studied for their diverse structures and potential applications.
Strontium (Sr) compounds, particularly those involving carboxylate ligands, exhibit unique coordination geometries and network topologies.
Terephthalate ligands offer versatile coordination modes, enabling the formation of extended structures.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the crystal structure and coordination environment of a novel strontium terephthalate coordination polymer.
To investigate the self-assembly process and the resulting three-dimensional framework architecture.
To identify and analyze the intermolecular interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, within the crystal lattice.

Main Methods:

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Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Epitaxial Growth of Perovskite Strontium Titanate on Germanium via Atomic Layer Deposition

Epitaxial Growth of Perovskite Strontium Titanate on Germanium via Atomic Layer Deposition

Published on: July 26, 2016

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the precise atomic arrangement and coordination geometry.
Analysis of bond distances, angles, and coordination numbers of the central strontium ion.
Identification of bridging and chelating carboxylate groups and water molecules coordinating to the strontium center.

Main Results:

The strontium(II) ion displays a coordination number of eight, coordinated by six oxygen atoms from terephthalate ligands and two water molecules.
The SrO(8) polyhedra link via shared oxygen atoms to form inorganic chains along the b-axis.
These chains assemble into layers in the ab plane through O-C-O linkages, further connected by terephthalic groups into a 3D framework with observed O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

Conclusions:

The title compound, [Sr(C(8)H(4)O(4))(H(2)O)](n), represents a novel 3D coordination framework built from strontium ions and terephthalate ligands.
The observed coordination number and linking modes of the strontium polyhedra dictate the formation of the extended inorganic-organic hybrid structure.
Hydrogen bonding plays a crucial role in stabilizing the overall three-dimensional architecture.