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Related Concept Videos

Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers02:28

Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers

Structure and Bonding
Ethers are organic compounds with an ether functional group which is characterized by an oxygen atom connected to two — identical or different — alkyl, aryl, or vinyl groups. The C–O–C linkage in dimethyl ether — the simplest ether — has an approximately tetrahedral bond angle of 110.3 degrees. The oxygen atom is sp3- hybridized, with the C–O distance being about 140 pm.
Classification of Ethers
Based on their attached substituent groups, ethers can be classified into two...
Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols02:23

Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols

Overview
Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is derived. Alcohols are organic molecules containing the functional hydroxyl or –OH group directly bonded to carbon. Phenols have an OH group directly attached to a benzene ring. While alcohols are colorless, phenol is a white crystalline compound with a characteristic "hospital smell" odor.
As with other organic compounds, alcohols and phenols...
Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols02:36

Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols

Like water, alcohols are weak acids and bases. This is attributed to the polarization of the O–H bond making the hydrogen partially positive. Moreover, the electron pairs on the oxygen atom of alcohol make it both basic and nucleophilic. Protonation of an alcohol converts hydroxide, a poor leaving group, into water—a good one. The two acid–base equilibria corresponding to ethanol are depicted below.
Structure and Nomenclature of Epoxides02:38

Structure and Nomenclature of Epoxides

Cyclic ethers are heterocyclic compounds with an oxygen atom in the ring along with carbon atoms. They are named depending on the number of carbon atoms present in their ring system. Cyclic ethers with a three-membered ring system are called “oxirane”, four-membered ring systems as “oxetane”, five-membered ring systems as “oxolane”, and six-membered ring systems as “oxane”. The cyclic structure of these rings imposes angle strain, and this strain is more in the ring having a smaller number of...
Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane01:33

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
Preparation of Epoxides03:00

Preparation of Epoxides

Overview
Epoxides result from alkene oxidation, which can be achieved by a) air, b) peroxy acids, c) hypochlorous acids, and d) halohydrin cyclization.
Epoxidation with Peroxy Acids
Epoxidation of alkenes via oxidation with peroxy acids involves the conversion of a carbon–carbon double bond to an epoxide using the oxidizing agent meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, commonly known as MCPBA. Since the O–O bond of peroxy acids is very weak, the addition of electrophilic oxygen of peroxy acids to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Facile Preparation of (2Z,4E)-Dienamides by the Olefination of Electron-deficient Alkenes with Allyl Acetate
06:46

Facile Preparation of (2Z,4E)-Dienamides by the Olefination of Electron-deficient Alkenes with Allyl Acetate

Published on: June 21, 2017

2,2-Dichloro-1-(4-methyl-phen-yl)ethanone.

Ping-An Wang1, Jun-Ping Gao, Peng Liu

  • 1Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Changle West Road 17, 710032 Xi-An, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|April 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals the near-planar structure of a dichlorinated organic compound, C(9)H(8)Cl(2)O. Crystal analysis shows intermolecular hydrogen bonds stabilize its molecular arrangement.

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Synthesis of Esters Via a Greener Steglich Esterification in Acetonitrile
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Synthesis of Esters Via a Greener Steglich Esterification in Acetonitrile

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Facile Preparation of (2Z,4E)-Dienamides by the Olefination of Electron-deficient Alkenes with Allyl Acetate
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Synthesis of Esters Via a Greener Steglich Esterification in Acetonitrile
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Synthesis of Esters Via a Greener Steglich Esterification in Acetonitrile

Published on: October 30, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Crystallography
  • Molecular Structure

Background:

  • Understanding molecular geometry is crucial in organic chemistry.
  • Crystal packing influences material properties and reactivity.
  • Intermolecular forces dictate solid-state arrangements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the precise molecular geometry of the title compound, C(9)H(8)Cl(2)O.
  • To investigate the intermolecular interactions present in its crystal structure.
  • To elucidate the factors stabilizing the compound's solid-state form.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to analyze the molecular and crystal structure.
  • Dihedral angles were calculated to quantify planarity.
  • Hydrogen bond analysis identified stabilizing intermolecular forces.

Main Results:

  • The molecule C(9)H(8)Cl(2)O exhibits a near-planar conformation.
  • A dihedral angle of 15.5(2)° was measured between the benzene ring and the carbonyl-ethane plane.
  • Intermolecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds were identified as the primary stabilizing interactions in the crystal lattice.

Conclusions:

  • The title compound possesses a predominantly planar molecular structure.
  • Crystal packing is significantly influenced by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonding.
  • This structural information is vital for predicting reactivity and designing related molecules.