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[Long-term observations on the etiology and antibiotic resistance in urinary infections (1971-1987)]
S Lach1, E Crevatin, G B Modonutti
1Istituto di Igiene e Medicina Preventiva, Università degli Studi di Trieste.
Abstract:
The activity "in vitro" of six antibiotics (co-trimoxazole, cephaloridine, nitrofurantoin, carbenicillin, nalidixic acid, gentamicin) was tested against four Gram negative: E. coli, Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella sp. and Enterobacter sp. isolated from urine samples from 1971 to 1987, at the Istituto di Igiene of Trieste. The temporal analysis of antibiograms revealed an decrease of the incidence of resistance in the year 1979, 1980 and 1981. In the following years the percentage of resistance showed an increasing of incidence.
Insights
Antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria from urine samples showed a temporary decrease in 1979-1981. Following this period, resistance incidence to common antibiotics like co-trimoxazole and gentamicin increased significantly.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Antimicrobial Resistance
Background:
- Urinary tract infections are commonly caused by Gram-negative bacteria.
- Antibiotic resistance poses a significant challenge in treating these infections.
- Long-term monitoring of bacterial susceptibility is crucial for effective treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the in vitro activity of six key antibiotics against common Gram-negative uropathogens.
- To investigate temporal trends in antibiotic resistance from 1971 to 1987.
- To identify shifts in bacterial susceptibility patterns over time.
Main Methods:
- In vitro susceptibility testing of E. coli, Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella sp., and Enterobacter sp.
- Utilized six antibiotics: co-trimoxazole, cephaloridine, nitrofurantoin, carbenicillin, nalidixic acid, and gentamicin.
- Temporal analysis of antibiogram data collected from 1971 to 1987.
Main Results:
- A notable decrease in antibiotic resistance incidence was observed during 1979, 1980, and 1981.
- Following this period, a significant increase in the percentage of resistance was recorded.
- Specific trends varied among the tested antibiotics and bacterial species.
Conclusions:
- Antibiotic resistance patterns in Gram-negative uropathogens are dynamic and can fluctuate over time.
- The temporary decrease in resistance suggests potential environmental or clinical factors influencing susceptibility.
- The subsequent rise in resistance highlights the ongoing need for antimicrobial stewardship and surveillance.