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Related Concept Videos

Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions-Peroxide Effect02:35

Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions-Peroxide Effect

In the presence of organic peroxides, the addition of hydrogen bromide to an alkene yields the isomer that is not predicted by Markovnikov’s rule. For example, the addition of hydrogen bromide to 2-methylpropene in the presence of peroxides gives 1-bromo-2-methylpropane. This addition reaction proceeds via a free radical mechanism, which reverses the regioselectivity. The free radical reaction mechanism involves three stages: initiation, propagation, and termination.
Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes02:41

Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes

An alkene, such as propene, reacts with bromine in the presence of water to yield a halohydrin. Halohydrins contain a halogen and a hydroxyl group attached to adjacent carbons. When the halogen is bromine, it is called a bromohydrin, while a chlorohydrin has chlorine as the halogen.
Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols02:23

Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols

Overview
Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is derived. Alcohols are organic molecules containing the functional hydroxyl or –OH group directly bonded to carbon. Phenols have an OH group directly attached to a benzene ring. While alcohols are colorless, phenol is a white crystalline compound with a characteristic "hospital smell" odor.
As with other organic compounds, alcohols and phenols...
Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols02:36

Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols

Like water, alcohols are weak acids and bases. This is attributed to the polarization of the O–H bond making the hydrogen partially positive. Moreover, the electron pairs on the oxygen atom of alcohol make it both basic and nucleophilic. Protonation of an alcohol converts hydroxide, a poor leaving group, into water—a good one. The two acid–base equilibria corresponding to ethanol are depicted below.
Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane01:33

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process01:10

Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process

Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles under normal conditions. However, the reaction can proceed under drastic conditions involving high temperatures and high pressure to give the substituted products. For example, chlorobenzene is converted to phenol using aqueous sodium hydroxide at 350 °C under high pressure by the Dow process. The reaction follows an elimination-addition mechanism involving a benzyne intermediate. Here, the chloride ion is eliminated to generate the benzyne...

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(3,6-Dibromo-o-phenyl-ene)dimethanol.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers synthesized a novel organic compound, C(8)H(8)Br(2)O(2), through hydrolysis. The study details its unique intramolecular interactions and crystal structure, revealing intermolecular hydrogen bonds and C-H⋯π interactions in layered chains.

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Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Crystallography
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • The synthesis and structural characterization of novel organic compounds are fundamental to advancing chemical knowledge.
  • Understanding intermolecular interactions is crucial for predicting material properties and designing new functional molecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize the novel organic compound C(8)H(8)Br(2)O(2).
  • To investigate the intramolecular and intermolecular interactions within the crystal structure of the synthesized compound.

Main Methods:

  • Hydrolysis of 1,4-dibromo-2,3-bis-(bromo-meth-yl)benzene to yield the title compound.
  • X-ray crystallography to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
  • Analysis of hydrogen bonding and other non-covalent interactions.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of C(8)H(8)Br(2)O(2) via hydrolysis.
  • Identification of one intramolecular O-H⋯O and two intramolecular C-H⋯Br interactions.
  • Observation of molecular chains parallel to the [010] direction in the crystal lattice.
  • Formation of two-dimensional layers through intermolecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C-H⋯π interactions.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized compound C(8)H(8)Br(2)O(2) exhibits interesting intramolecular interactions.
  • The crystal packing is governed by a combination of hydrogen bonding and C-H⋯π interactions, leading to a layered structure.