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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

Overview of Hematopoiesis

Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
Aging01:26

Aging

Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...

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Stromal Cell Isolation From Hematopoietic Organs
05:27

Stromal Cell Isolation From Hematopoietic Organs

Published on: January 26, 2024

Hematopoietic stem cell development, aging and functional failure.

Jichun Chen1

  • 1Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Clinical Research Center Room 3E-5132, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1202, USA. chenji@nhlbi.nih.gov.

International Journal of Hematology
|April 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) maintain blood cell production throughout life but can age, leading to dysfunction. Understanding HSC aging is crucial for preventing bone marrow failure and advancing cell therapies.

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Isolation Method for Long-Term and Short-Term Hematopoietic Stem Cells
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Phenotypic Analysis and Isolation of Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lineage-committed Progenitors
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Phenotypic Analysis and Isolation of Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lineage-committed Progenitors

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Stromal Cell Isolation From Hematopoietic Organs
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Isolation Method for Long-Term and Short-Term Hematopoietic Stem Cells
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Isolation Method for Long-Term and Short-Term Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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Phenotypic Analysis and Isolation of Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lineage-committed Progenitors
12:03

Phenotypic Analysis and Isolation of Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lineage-committed Progenitors

Published on: July 8, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are critical for lifelong blood cell replenishment.
  • HSCs reside in specialized niches and exhibit self-renewal and differentiation capabilities.
  • Despite long-term function, HSCs undergo senescence, impacting their regenerative potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the distribution and function of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) during mammalian development and adulthood.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying HSC senescence and its clinical implications.
  • To highlight the importance of ongoing HSC research for therapeutic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on HSC biology, development, and aging.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms contributing to HSC senescence, including telomere dynamics.
  • Discussion of the clinical relevance of HSC dysfunction in bone marrow failure.

Main Results:

  • HSCs are found in various embryonic and adult tissues, adapting to different niches.
  • HSC senescence is characterized by reduced self-renewal, impaired homing, and biased differentiation.
  • Telomere shortening, particularly with telomerase gene mutations, is linked to HSC dysfunction and bone marrow failure.

Conclusions:

  • HSC aging significantly impacts blood cell production and regenerative capacity.
  • Understanding HSC senescence is vital for developing treatments for bone marrow failure diseases.
  • Further research into HSC biology will enable novel therapeutic strategies using stem cells.