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Rigidity and myotonia are distinct abnormalities of muscle tone that affect resistance and relaxation during movement. Although both involve altered muscle contraction, they arise from different neurological and muscular mechanisms.CharacteristicsRigidity is characterized by uniform resistance to passive movement across the entire range, independent of speed, affecting flexors and extensors equally. It may appear as lead-pipe rigidity (smooth, constant resistance) or cogwheel rigidity...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Rating L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesias in the Unilaterally 6-OHDA-Lesioned Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

Rating L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesias in the Unilaterally 6-OHDA-Lesioned Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

Published on: October 4, 2021

[Autonomic disturbances in Parkinson disease].

Rodrigo Gómez¹, Lorena Hudson, Pablo Venegas

¹Departamento de Neurología y Neurodrugía, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 999, Independencia, Santiago, Chile. ragomann@yahoo.com

Revista Medica De Chile

|April 29, 2011

Summary

Parkinson disease involves non-motor symptoms like dysautonomia, affecting patient quality of life. This review covers common dysautonomic issues and their role in Parkinson disease.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Autonomic Nervous System Research

Context:

Parkinson disease (PD) is increasingly recognized to include a spectrum of non-motor symptoms.
Dysautonomia, a dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, is a prevalent and debilitating issue in PD patients.
Understanding these non-motor aspects is crucial for comprehensive PD management.

Purpose:

To review the common dysautonomic manifestations in Parkinson disease across various organ systems.
To explore the potential role of dysautonomia as a risk factor and premotor symptom in PD.
To discuss the implications of dysautonomia in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease.

Summary:

This article reviews cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urinary, genital, and skin dysautonomia in Parkinson disease.
It examines the potential of these symptoms as early indicators and their contribution to PD development.

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Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking

Published on: September 26, 2019

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Rating L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesias in the Unilaterally 6-OHDA-Lesioned Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

Rating L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesias in the Unilaterally 6-OHDA-Lesioned Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

Published on: October 4, 2021

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking

Published on: September 26, 2019

A clinical approach to managing these syndromes is presented based on current evidence and clinical experience.

Impact:

Highlights the significance of non-motor symptoms, particularly dysautonomia, in Parkinson disease.
Provides insights into the early detection and pathogenesis of Parkinson disease.
Offers a practical guide for clinicians managing dysautonomia in PD patients, aiming to improve quality of life.