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[The heart transplant: the current status].

S Morán1

  • 1Facultad de Medicina, P Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago.

Revista Medica De Chile
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Cardiac transplantation has evolved significantly since 1967, with improved survival rates due to advancements in rejection diagnosis and treatment. Despite progress, challenges like cyclosporine toxicity and vascular disease persist in heart transplant recipients.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Transplantation Medicine
  • Immunology

Context:

  • Cardiac transplantation history dates back to early 20th-century research.
  • Clinical cardiac transplantation began in 1967 with initial discouraging outcomes.
  • Rejection diagnosis and treatment were major early hurdles.

Purpose:

  • To review the historical development and current status of cardiac transplantation.
  • To highlight key advancements improving patient outcomes.
  • To identify persistent challenges in the field.

Summary:

  • Early cardiac transplant attempts faced significant setbacks due to rejection issues.
  • Introduction of cardiac biopsy and cyclosporine revolutionized transplant success.
  • Current 5-year survival rates are approximately 70%, establishing it as a viable therapy for end-stage heart disease.
  • Donor selection and surgical technique refinements have also enhanced results.

Impact:

  • Cardiac transplantation is now a well-established therapeutic option for end-stage heart failure.
  • Significant improvements in long-term survival have been achieved.
  • Ongoing research is needed to address complications such as cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity, hypertension, and cardiac allograft vasculopathy.

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