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Single-mode fiber, velocity interferometry.

K G Krauter1, G F Jacobson, J R Patterson

  • 1Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore California 94551, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|May 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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A new single-mode fiber optic velocity interferometer system (SMV) offers high-resolution measurements up to 1.2 km/sec. This advanced velocimetry technique provides accurate shock physics data, comparable to photonic Doppler velocimetry.

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Optical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Traditional velocity interferometry systems often face limitations due to multimode fiber dispersion, impacting time resolution.
  • Single-mode fiber optics offer potential for improved signal fidelity and bandwidth in interferometric measurements.
  • Polarization effects in optical fibers can introduce noise and reduce the accuracy of interferometric measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel velocity interferometer system (SMV) entirely based on single-mode fiber optics.
  • To demonstrate the SMV's capability for high-speed measurements in dynamic events.
  • To compare the performance of the SMV with established techniques like photonic Doppler velocimetry (PDV).

Main Methods:

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  • Design of a polarization-insensitive single-mode velocity interferometer system (SMV) incorporating polarization adjusters.
  • Calibration of the SMV system using tunable lasers.
  • Experimental validation using exploding-foil bridge-wire fliers and a gas gun experiment.
  • Concurrent comparison of SMV (homodyne) and PDV (heterodyne) techniques using split light from a single target spot.

    • Main Results:

    • The SMV system successfully operated up to 200 m/s with fliers and 1.2 km/sec in gas gun experiments.
    • Direct comparison with PDV in the gas gun experiment showed negligible mean difference and 1.5% standard deviation in the shock zone.
    • Observed novel interference beats in SMV, identical in period to PDV beats, occurring after sudden Doppler shifts.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed single-mode velocity interferometer system (SMV) provides accurate and high-resolution velocity measurements.
    • SMV leverages the advantages of optical fiber while overcoming the time resolution limitations of multimode fibers.
    • The observed identity between homodyne and heterodyne beats is a significant finding for shock physics applications.