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Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Isolation and Quantification of Axonal mRNAs Using Porous Membrane Inserts and RTddPCR
Published on: February 6, 2026
Making and breaking synapses through local mRNA regulation
Sharon A Swanger1, Gary J Bassell
1Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Abstract:
Neurons are exquisitely polarized cells that extend intricate axonal and dendritic arbors. Developmental cues guide axons and dendrites into circuits by inducing rapid changes in local protein expression and cytoskeletal structure. Neurons can transduce these signals through local mRNA regulation. Here, we review the latest insights regarding post-transcriptional control of gene expression through mRNA transport and local protein synthesis in developing neurons. We focus on local mRNA regulation during axon growth and guidance, dendrite morphogenesis, and synapse formation and refinement. Dysregulated mRNA transport and translation in neurological disorders are also discussed. The collection of molecules and mechanisms reviewed includes sequence-specific RNA binding proteins, microtubule motors and adaptors, microRNAs, translation initiation factors, and the receptor-mediated signaling that modulates these molecules.
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