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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...

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Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Multiplex Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Spatial Immune Cell Landscape of the Tumor Microenvironment
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Immunotherapy: The meta-analyses. What have we Learned?

Moisés A Calderón1, Robert J Boyle, Martin Penagos

  • 1Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Imperial College, National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Trust, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK. m.calderon@imperial.ac.uk

Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America
|May 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Specific allergen immunotherapy (SIT) effectively treats allergic rhinitis and asthma. Future research should refine SIT for specific populations and allergens, focusing on long-term effects and health economics.

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

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Published on: March 7, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Immunology and Allergy
  • Clinical Therapeutics

Background:

  • Meta-analysis confirms specific allergen immunotherapy (SIT) efficacy for allergic rhinitis and asthma.
  • Current research highlights the need for further investigation into SIT's therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy of specific allergen immunotherapy (SIT).
  • To identify future research directions for optimizing SIT in clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing meta-analysis data on SIT.
  • Analysis of clinical outcomes, long-term effects, and health economics.

Main Results:

  • Specific allergen immunotherapy (SIT) is a proven effective treatment for allergic rhinitis and asthma.
  • Further research is needed to personalize SIT for diverse patient groups and allergens.

Conclusions:

  • Future SIT research should prioritize specific populations, allergens, validated outcomes, long-term disease modification, and health economics.
  • High-quality safety surveillance data adhering to international guidelines is crucial for SIT evaluation.