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Related Concept Videos

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Hemoperfusion and Hemofiltration01:25

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Hemoperfusion and Hemofiltration

Hemoperfusion and hemofiltration are critical techniques in medical treatments to eliminate accumulated drugs, metabolites, and electrolytes from the bloodstream. These methods are particularly vital in cases of accidental poisoning and drug overdose.Hemoperfusion involves passing blood through an adsorbent material to remove unwanted substances. The main adsorbents used in hemoperfusion include activated charcoal and Amberlite resins. Activated charcoal can adsorb both polar and nonpolar...
Enhanced Elimination of Poison01:26

Enhanced Elimination of Poison

Poison can be effectively removed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract through various decontamination procedures.
Antidotes serve a crucial role in counteracting the effects of poison by inhibiting enzymes responsible for producing harmful drug metabolites. In some cases, these toxic metabolites can be neutralized by endogenous cosubstrates, which are maintained at specific concentrations to prevent interaction with cellular macromolecules and subsequent cell death.
Renal excretion is the...
Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison01:14

Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison

In cases of acute poisoning, the primary objective is to prevent further absorption of the toxic substance into the body. Immediate interventions using various decontamination techniques targeting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can achieve this. Decontamination is crucial to prevent poison from entering the systemic circulation, which involves washing affected areas with water and mild soap and removing contaminated clothing. Once external decontamination is done, attention must be turned to...
Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis01:30

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or those experiencing drug overdose often require extracorporeal methods to eliminate accumulated drugs and metabolites. Hemoperfusion, hemofiltration, and dialysis are the primary techniques to rapidly remove harmful substances without disrupting the patient's fluid and electrolyte balance. For those with compromised renal function, dosage adjustments of concurrent medications may be necessary during extracorporeal drug removal.Dialysis is a process...
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies

Treatment strategies for poisoning are a critical aspect of emergency medicine, focusing on preventing the absorption of toxins and enhancing their elimination. When a poisoning incident occurs, the first response is to halt exposure and decontaminate the patient, particularly through gastrointestinal (GI) methods if the poison was ingested.Gastrointestinal Decontamination Techniques:Activated charcoal is the cornerstone of GI decontamination. It works through adsorption, binding the toxin to...
Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy01:26

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) is an essential intervention for patients experiencing severe kidney dysfunction. This therapy offers a continuous mechanism for removing fluids and toxins from the bloodstream, leveraging the patient’s blood pressure to facilitate filtration through a specialized filter. This method contrasts with intermittent dialysis, providing a gentler and more consistent removal of waste products and excess fluid, which is particularly beneficial in critically...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

In vivo Liver Endocytosis Followed by Purification of Liver Cells by Liver Perfusion
12:35

In vivo Liver Endocytosis Followed by Purification of Liver Cells by Liver Perfusion

Published on: November 10, 2011

Intoxications amenable to extracorporeal removal.

James F Winchester1, Nikolas B Harbord

  • 1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY 10003, USA. jwinches@bethisraelny.org

Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease
|May 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Extracorporeal drug removal, including dialysis and hemoperfusion, are now vital tools for treating poisoning. These methods are also being reconsidered for specific patient groups, like dialysis patients requiring aluminum removal.

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

In vivo Liver Endocytosis Followed by Purification of Liver Cells by Liver Perfusion
12:35

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Published on: November 10, 2011

Inducing Acute Liver Injury in Rats via Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) Exposure Through an Orogastric Tube
06:12

Inducing Acute Liver Injury in Rats via Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) Exposure Through an Orogastric Tube

Published on: April 28, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Clinical Toxicology

Background:

  • Extracorporeal drug removal techniques have evolved significantly since their inception in 1913.
  • Dialysis and hemoperfusion are increasingly recognized as essential interventions for acute poisoning.
  • The resurgence of aluminum chelation therapy in dialysis patients highlights evolving treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental principles of drug removal via extracorporeal methods.
  • To delineate the clinical indications for employing dialysis in poisoning cases.
  • To provide an overview of substances amenable to removal by dialysis.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of extracorporeal circuits and principles of solute removal.
  • Review of clinical criteria for initiating dialysis in overdose and toxicity.
  • Literature review of poisons effectively treated with dialysis.

Main Results:

  • Dialysis and hemoperfusion are established and effective treatments for severe poisoning.
  • Specific patient populations, such as those with aluminum toxicity, may benefit from these therapies.
  • A range of pharmaceutical agents and toxins can be successfully removed.

Conclusions:

  • Extracorporeal removal techniques are indispensable in managing life-threatening poisonings.
  • The application of dialysis extends beyond traditional renal replacement therapy.
  • Understanding the principles and indications is crucial for effective clinical application.