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Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro

Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro

Published on: January 31, 2022

A review on laboratory liver function tests.

Shivaraj Gowda¹, Prakash B Desai, Vinayak V Hull

¹Dept of Biochemistry, J. N. Medical College, Belgaum 590010. Karnataka. India.

The Pan African Medical Journal

|May 3, 2011

Summary

This article reviews key liver function tests, including serum bilirubin and aminotransferases, used to detect hepatic dysfunction. Understanding these biochemical markers aids clinicians in diagnosing liver-related conditions.

Keywords:

5′ nucleotidase Laboratory liver test alanine amino transferase alkaline phosphatase aspartate amino transferase bilirubin ceruloplasmin gamma glutamyl transferase ratio of aminotransferases α-fetoprotein

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Clinical Chemistry
Hepatology

Background:

The liver is crucial for metabolizing carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Hepatic dysfunction can be identified through specific biochemical markers.
Laboratory liver tests are essential for evaluating patients with liver disease.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of commonly used laboratory liver tests.
To discuss the role of biochemical markers in diagnosing liver dysfunction.
To highlight the challenges in interpreting liver chemistry tests.

Main Methods:

Review of established laboratory liver tests.
Discussion of biochemical markers including serum bilirubin, ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, 5'-NT, ceruloplasmin, and AFP.
Analysis of alterations in biochemical markers indicating liver damage.

Main Results:

Identified key biochemical markers for liver dysfunction.
Highlighted the diagnostic utility of specific enzymes and proteins.
Emphasized that isolated or conjugated alterations can complicate diagnosis.

Conclusions:

Laboratory liver tests are vital for assessing hepatic function and injury.
Biochemical markers serve as sensitive indicators of liver abnormalities.
Accurate interpretation of these tests is crucial for effective clinical management.