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Related Concept Videos

Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
American Trypanosomiasis01:22

American Trypanosomiasis

Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, is a vector-borne parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a flagellated protozoan (kinetoplastid) of the family Trypanosomatidae. The disease is endemic in Latin America, although cases are increasingly reported worldwide due to human migration. Transmission most commonly occurs when feces of infected triatomine bugs contaminate bite wounds or mucosal surfaces; additional routes include congenital, transfusional, transplant-related, and oral...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Acne Infection01:27

Acne Infection

Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma
04:12

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma

Published on: January 19, 2024

Melasma in Latin Americans.

Maritza Perez1, Janiene Luke, Anthony Rossi

  • 1Skin of Color Center at St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY, USA.

Journal of Drugs in Dermatology : JDD
|May 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Melasma, a common skin pigmentation disorder, frequently affects individuals of Latin descent. This article outlines a stepwise treatment approach to improve clinical outcomes and patient well-being.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pigmentation Disorders

Background:

  • Melasma presents as acquired hyperpigmented patches, common on facial areas.
  • Its exact cause is unknown but involves genetics, UV exposure, and hormonal factors.
  • Latin populations exhibit higher melasma prevalence and diverse skin phototypes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a stepwise treatment strategy for melasma.
  • To address the clinical and psychological impact of melasma.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current melasma treatment recommendations.
  • Stepwise approach based on evidence-based guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Melasma significantly impacts patient quality of life.

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  • Effective treatment is crucial for both skin improvement and psychological well-being.

    • Conclusions:

    • A structured, stepwise treatment plan is essential for managing melasma.
    • Addressing melasma improves clinical results and enhances patient psychological health.