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Related Concept Videos

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
Drugs that Destabilize Microtubules01:10

Drugs that Destabilize Microtubules

Microtubules are dynamic structures and can be regulated by microtubule targeting agents (MTAs). Microtubule destabilizing drugs are a class of MTAs that destabilize and prevent microtubules' polymerization. Both natural and synthetic chemicals can be found under this class of drugs. Vincristine and vinblastine, two vinca alkaloids, and colchicine were among the first to be discovered. These drugs can affect cells in various ways, either by inducing a change in cell morphology, preventing...
Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Chemical Inactivation of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Cereblon by Pomalidomide-based Homo-PROTACs
10:44

Chemical Inactivation of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Cereblon by Pomalidomide-based Homo-PROTACs

Published on: May 15, 2019

Thalidomide and chemotherapy combination.

M Nguyen1, C Tran, S Barsky

  • 1UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT RADIAT THERAPY,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024.

International Journal of Oncology
|May 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thalidomide, an angiogenesis inhibitor, combined with chemotherapy significantly reduced breast cancer tumor size in mice. A Phase I trial in patients showed minimal side effects, suggesting this combination therapy is a promising avenue for breast cancer treatment.

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Tumor Treating Field Therapy in Combination with Bevacizumab for the Treatment of Recurrent Glioblastoma

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Angiogenesis is crucial for tumor growth and metastasis.
  • Thalidomide is an oral sedative with demonstrated anti-angiogenic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of thalidomide as a therapeutic agent for breast cancer.
  • To evaluate the combination of thalidomide with conventional chemotherapy in breast cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A mouse model of breast cancer was used to assess tumor growth.
  • A Phase I clinical trial was conducted in breast cancer patients receiving thalidomide and chemotherapy.

Main Results:

  • Thalidomide alone did not suppress tumor growth in the mouse model.
  • Combination therapy (thalidomide + cytoxan + adriamycin) resulted in significantly smaller tumors compared to chemotherapy alone in mice (3,432 +/- 303 mm(3) vs. 4,643 +/- 203 mm(3)).
  • Phase I trial patients experienced minimal side effects, primarily constipation and rash.

Conclusions:

  • Combining anti-angiogenic agents like thalidomide with conventional chemotherapy may be a feasible therapeutic strategy for breast cancer.
  • Further studies are warranted to explore this combination therapy for breast cancer treatment.