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Related Concept Videos

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology01:10

Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology

Atelectasis develops when alveoli lose their air and collapse inward. Because lung tissue is naturally elastic, these air sacs shrink rather than remaining open. Collapsed alveoli are no longer ventilated, reducing their role in gas exchange. Blood flow may continue in these regions, creating a ventilation–perfusion mismatch. Clinical findings include decreased breath sounds, dullness to percussion, reduced chest expansion, and decreased tactile fremitus as sound transmission through collapsed...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

A Recovery Cardiopulmonary Bypass Model Without Transfusion or Inotropic Agents in Rats
09:54

A Recovery Cardiopulmonary Bypass Model Without Transfusion or Inotropic Agents in Rats

Published on: March 23, 2018

Temporal changes in tissue cardiorespiratory function during faecal peritonitis.

Alex Dyson1, Alain Rudiger, Mervyn Singer

  • 1Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Medicine and Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower St., London, WC1E 6BT, UK.

Intensive Care Medicine
|May 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early sepsis causes tissue hypoxia, with severity linked to mortality risk. Cardiovascular function recovers later, but organ failure progresses, suggesting early circulatory issues trigger multi-organ failure.

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Published on: December 18, 2010

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

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Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis (CASP) - a Standardized Model for Polymicrobial Abdominal Sepsis
06:45

Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis (CASP) - a Standardized Model for Polymicrobial Abdominal Sepsis

Published on: December 18, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Physiology
  • Sepsis Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Sepsis impairs oxygen delivery to tissues, leading to regional hypoxia.
  • The relationship between circulatory dysfunction, organ variability, and sepsis severity is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate temporal changes in myocardial function and tissue oxygenation in sepsis.
  • To assess the severity of circulatory insult in predicted non-survivors.
  • To evaluate the utility of a dynamic oxygen challenge test for microcirculation assessment.

Main Methods:

  • A rat model of fecal peritonitis was used.
  • Tissue oxygenation (PO2) and myocardial function were measured at 6 and 24 hours post-sepsis.
  • A dynamic oxygen challenge test was performed during fluid loading.

Main Results:

  • Early sepsis (6h) showed decreased global oxygen delivery and tissue PO2 in muscle, liver, and renal cortex.
  • At 24h, myocardial and circulatory function improved, but organ failure markers worsened.
  • The oxygen challenge test revealed early microcirculatory dysfunction that improved by 24h, except in the kidney.

Conclusions:

  • Early sepsis-induced tissue hypoxia is linked to predicted mortality.
  • Cardiovascular recovery does not prevent progressive organ dysfunction, indicating early circulatory insult as a trigger.
  • Tissue PO2 monitoring and dynamic oxygen challenge testing are valuable for assessing oxygen supply-demand balance and microcirculatory function.