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Related Concept Videos

The Placebo Effect01:54

The Placebo Effect

The placebo effect occurs when people's expectations or beliefs influence or determine their experience in a given situation. In other words, simply expecting something to happen can actually make it happen.
Blind Procedures02:07

Blind Procedures

Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which child was...
Classical Conditioning in Daily Life01:17

Classical Conditioning in Daily Life

Classical conditioning, a fundamental principle of associative learning, explains various phenomena observed in daily life, such as fear development, the placebo effect, taste aversion, and drug habituation. These applications demonstrate the profound impact of associative learning on human behavior and physiological responses.
John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner famously demonstrated the development of fear through classical conditioning in their experiment with Little Albert. They paired the...
Blinding01:11

Blinding

Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
Factors Affecting Drug Response: Overview01:21

Factors Affecting Drug Response: Overview

When it comes to infants and young children, they are typically administered smaller doses of medication in comparison to adults. This is primarily because their organ functions still need to fully develop, meaning their bodies are not as efficient at metabolizing or eliminating drugs. Additionally, their blood-brain barrier is more permeable than in adults. As a result, high concentrations of drugs can easily penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), potentially leading to neurological...
Behaviorism01:28

Behaviorism

The field of behaviorism was pioneered by figures such as Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson, and B.F. Skinner fundamentally shifted the focus of psychology to the observable and controllable aspects of human and animal behavior. This shift marked a critical evolution in the discipline, emphasizing scientific rigor and experimental methodology.
The core premise of behaviorism is its focus on observable behavior rather than internal thoughts or feelings. This approach argues that true scientific...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

How to Study Placebo Responses in Motion Sickness with a Rotation Chair Paradigm in Healthy Participants
08:50

How to Study Placebo Responses in Motion Sickness with a Rotation Chair Paradigm in Healthy Participants

Published on: December 14, 2014

Behavioral factors in the placebo response.

R E Weeks1, E Newman

  • 1The New England Center for Headache, 30 Buxton Farm Road, Ste. 230, Stamford, CT 06905, USA. rewphd044@aol.com

Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
|May 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The placebo effect is crucial in clinical research, but factors influencing it are poorly understood. This article explores behavioral elements impacting placebo mechanisms in research and practice.

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

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Published on: December 14, 2014

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Research
  • Psychology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Placebos are ubiquitous in clinical trials, serving as a benchmark for treatment efficacy.
  • Demonstrating a drug's effectiveness requires showing superiority over a placebo.
  • Non-specific factors influencing treatment outcomes are important but not well-understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the behavioral factors influencing placebo mechanisms.
  • To enhance understanding of how placebos impact clinical research and practice.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of behavioral factors in placebo research.
  • Discussion of variables affecting placebo impact.

Main Results:

  • Behavioral factors play a significant role in placebo mechanisms.
  • Systematic study of these variables is lacking.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding behavioral factors is key to optimizing placebo effects in clinical settings.
  • Further research is needed to systematically study these variables.