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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate

The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a critical indicator of kidney health, reflecting how well the kidneys filter blood. Changes in GFR can signal potential kidney impairment, necessitating accurate measurement methods to monitor kidney function effectively.Various molecules can serve as markers for GFR measurement, with the ideal marker meeting several specific criteria. It must freely filter at the glomerulus, avoid reabsorption or secretion by the renal tubules, remain unmetabolized, not...
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration01:28

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area. This equation is...
Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous capillaries...
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment01:17

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment

Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
10:31

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

Renal function in diabetic nephropathy.

Pradeep Kumar Dabla1

  • 1Pradeep Kumar Dabla, Department of Biochemistry, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi 110001, India.

World Journal of Diabetes
|May 4, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diabetic nephropathy screening in older adults should include serum markers and microalbuminuria tests. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a key predictor of kidney dysfunction in diabetes.

Keywords:
Chronic kidney diseaseCockcroft-Gault formulaCystatin-CEnd stage renal diseaseEstimated glomerular filtration rateGlomerular filtration rateMicroalbuminModification of dietRenal disease

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Assessment of Kidney Function in Mouse Models of Glomerular Disease
09:16

Assessment of Kidney Function in Mouse Models of Glomerular Disease

Published on: June 30, 2018

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
10:31

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

Assessment of Kidney Function in Mouse Models of Glomerular Disease
09:16

Assessment of Kidney Function in Mouse Models of Glomerular Disease

Published on: June 30, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Diabetology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Diabetic nephropathy is a major complication of diabetes, linked to cardiovascular disease.
  • Shared risk factors like hypertension and dyslipidemia impact both kidney and heart health.
  • Age influences the progression and detection of diabetic kidney disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of screening for diabetic nephropathy, especially in older populations.
  • To emphasize the role of serum markers and microalbuminuria in early detection.
  • To discuss the predictive value of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) and emerging markers like Cystatin-C.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current recommendations for kidney disease screening in diabetics.
  • Analysis of serum markers, including serum creatinine and Cystatin-C, for assessing glomerular filtration rate.
  • Evaluation of microalbuminuria as a marker for renal impairment.

Main Results:

  • eGFR, calculated from serum creatinine, is a significant independent predictor of kidney dysfunction in diabetics.
  • Microalbuminuria and serum markers are crucial for identifying renal impairment across diabetic subgroups.
  • Cystatin-C shows potential as a future preferred marker, pending further research on reference limits.

Conclusions:

  • Annual screening for kidney dysfunction using eGFR is recommended for all individuals with diabetes.
  • Combined assessment of albuminuria and eGFR enhances prediction of end-stage renal disease.
  • Further research is needed to establish Cystatin-C's role in geriatric nephropathy management.