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Related Concept Videos

Production of Pharmaceuticals01:30

Production of Pharmaceuticals

Industrial insulin production uses genetically engineered E. coli expressing a proinsulin gene controlled by a tryptophan promoter and containing a methionine linker for later cleavage. The cells also carry ampicillin resistance for selective growth. Seed cultures are stored at −80 °C and production begins by thawing a small amount to inoculate starter cultures, which are progressively scaled to a 50,000-L bioreactor. In the bioreactor, E. coli grow in nutrient-rich media under sterile, tightly...
Peptide Bonds02:43

Peptide Bonds

A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...
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Protein Folding

Proteins are chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Upon synthesis, a protein folds into a three-dimensional conformation, critical to its biological function. Interactions between its constituent amino acids guide protein folding, and hence the protein structure is primarily dependent on its amino acid sequence.
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Tagging and Fusion Proteins01:24

Tagging and Fusion Proteins

Proteins are involved in several cellular processes and biochemical reactions. Analyzing a specific protein of interest requires it to be isolated from the other proteins in the cell. This is achieved by overexpressing the specific gene in a suitable host to produce large quantities of the target protein. A tag or label is recombined with the gene to produce a fusion protein containing the target protein and the tag. The tags on these fusion proteins can then be used for easy detection and...
Protein Digestion01:02

Protein Digestion

Protein digestion begins in the stomach, where the highly acidic environment can easily disrupt protein structure by exposing the peptide bonds of polypeptide chains. After polypeptide chains are broken into individual amino acids by a series of digestive enzymes, the amino acids are transported to the liver via the bloodstream to produce energy.

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Updated: Jun 2, 2026

OaAEP1-Mediated Enzymatic Synthesis and Immobilization of Polymerized Protein for Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy
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Published on: February 5, 2020

Making and breaking peptide bonds: protein engineering using sortase.

Maximilian Wei-Lin Popp1, Hidde L Ploegh

  • 1Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|May 4, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sortases are bacterial enzymes with unique transpeptidase activity, enabling precise protein modification. This review explores their biology and diverse applications in protein engineering, highlighting future innovation potential.

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

OaAEP1-Mediated Enzymatic Synthesis and Immobilization of Polymerized Protein for Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy
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Constructing Cyclic Peptides Using an On-Tether Sulfonium Center
07:11

Constructing Cyclic Peptides Using an On-Tether Sulfonium Center

Published on: September 28, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Protein Engineering

Background:

  • Sortases are bacterial enzymes characterized by their transpeptidase activity.
  • They function by site-specifically cleaving peptide bonds and catalyzing new bond formation with nucleophiles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of sortase enzyme biology.
  • To summarize current applications of sortases in protein engineering.
  • To identify future directions and potential innovations in sortase technology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of sortase biology.
  • Analysis of current protein engineering applications utilizing sortases.
  • Identification of emerging trends and research gaps.

Main Results:

  • Sortases offer a versatile platform for protein engineering due to their precise catalytic mechanism.
  • Applications span various fields including chemistry, cell biology, and biotechnology.
  • Significant potential exists for novel applications and methodological advancements.

Conclusions:

  • Sortase enzymes are valuable tools in protein engineering with broad applicability.
  • Further research can unlock new innovative uses for sortase technology.
  • The unique enzymatic activity of sortases facilitates advancements in biotechnology.