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Decrease in rat cardiac beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptors by training and endurance exercise.

E O Werle1, G Strobel, H Weicker

  • 1Department of Pathophysiology and Sports Medicine, University of Heidelberg, F.R.G.

Life Sciences
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Physical activity, including endurance training and acute exercise, reduces cardiac beta-adrenoceptor number in rats. This adaptation may explain the slower heart rate observed in trained individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Exercise Science
  • Molecular Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cardiac beta-adrenoceptors play a crucial role in regulating heart function.
  • Physical activity is known to induce adaptations in the cardiovascular system.
  • Understanding beta-adrenoceptor changes is key to comprehending exercise effects on the heart.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the adaptation of cardiac beta-adrenoceptors in rats following endurance training and acute exercise.
  • To determine the impact of different exercise intensities and durations on beta-adrenoceptor levels.
  • To explore the potential mechanisms behind exercise-induced changes in cardiac beta-adrenoceptors.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were subjected to endurance swimming training (ET), high-intensity training (MT), or a single bout of endurance exercise (EE), compared to a sedentary control group (C).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cardiac myocardial membranes were prepared and beta-adrenergic receptors were labeled using radioligand (-)125iodocyanopindolol (ICYP).
  • Computer modeling estimated maximal binding capacity (Bmax) and dissociation constants (KD); subtype proportions were determined using selective antagonists.

    • Main Results:

    • Both endurance training (ET) and acute exercise (EE) significantly decreased beta-adrenoceptor Bmax by 13.0% and 16.6%, respectively (P < 0.01).
    • High-intensity training (MT) resulted in a more pronounced decrease in Bmax (25.5%).
    • Dissociation constants (KD) and the ratio of beta 1-/beta 2-adrenoceptors remained largely unchanged across all groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Acute exercise lowers the number of sarcolemmal beta-adrenoceptors in the rat heart.
    • Chronic exercise adaptations may involve reduced receptor synthesis, while acute effects might involve sequestration.
    • These findings provide insights into the mechanisms of cardiac adaptation to physical activity, potentially explaining exercise-induced bradycardia.