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Related Concept Videos

RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...
Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the...
Nucleic acids02:43

Nucleic acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Mapping RNA-RNA Interactions Globally Using Biotinylated Psoralen
11:32

Mapping RNA-RNA Interactions Globally Using Biotinylated Psoralen

Published on: May 24, 2017

Combinatorics of RNA-RNA interaction.

Thomas J X Li1, Christian M Reidys

  • 1Center for Combinatorics, LPMC-TJKLC, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China.

Journal of Mathematical Biology
|May 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study explores RNA-RNA binding structures, crucial for non-coding RNA regulation. We present combinatorial methods and formulas to count these complex molecular interactions, aiding in predicting RNA behavior.

Area of Science:

  • Computational Biology
  • Bioinformatics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • RNA-RNA binding is vital for gene regulation by non-coding RNAs.
  • Predicting the joint structure of interacting RNA molecules is an active research area.
  • Existing Minimum Free Energy (MFE) folding algorithms have limitations in representing complex RNA interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a combinatorial framework for analyzing RNA-RNA interaction structures.
  • To provide methods for calculating the number of valid joint RNA structures.
  • To derive asymptotic formulas for predicting the quantity of RNA interaction structures.

Main Methods:

  • Combinatorial analysis of RNA interaction structures.
  • Derivation of generating functions for joint RNA structures.

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Optical Tweezers to Study RNA-Protein Interactions in Translation Regulation
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Optical Tweezers to Study RNA-Protein Interactions in Translation Regulation

Published on: February 12, 2022

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Mapping RNA-RNA Interactions Globally Using Biotinylated Psoralen
11:32

Mapping RNA-RNA Interactions Globally Using Biotinylated Psoralen

Published on: May 24, 2017

Optical Tweezers to Study RNA-Protein Interactions in Translation Regulation
12:26

Optical Tweezers to Study RNA-Protein Interactions in Translation Regulation

Published on: February 12, 2022

  • Singularity analysis and explicit recurrence relations for structure enumeration.

    • Main Results:

    • Established a precise mathematical framework for RNA-RNA interaction structures.
    • Developed methods to calculate the number of pseudoknot-free, non-crossing, and non-zigzag joint structures.
    • Derived simple asymptotic formulas for the enumeration of these structures.

    Conclusions:

    • The combinatorial approach offers a robust method for understanding RNA-RNA binding.
    • The derived formulas provide efficient ways to estimate the number of possible interaction structures.
    • This work advances the computational prediction and analysis of RNA regulatory mechanisms.