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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...
Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...
Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
Muscles that Move the Thigh01:20

Muscles that Move the Thigh

The thigh's motion is primarily governed by muscles originating in the pelvic girdle and inserted into the femur. One crucial muscle, the iliopsoas, is a combination of the psoas major and the iliacus muscles, sharing a common insertion point on the lesser trochanter of the femur.
Three other significant muscles are the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus. The gluteus maximus originates from the posterior surface of the ilium, sacrum, and coccyx, and the thoracolumbar fascia...
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve
09:51

The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve

Published on: September 7, 2022

The labro-acetabular complex.

Richard E Field1, Karthig Rajakulendran

  • 1The South West London Elective Orthopaedic Centre, Dorking Road, Epsom, Surrey KT18 7EG, England. richardefield@aol.com

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume
|May 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hip instability and femoro-acetabular impingement damage the acetabular rim. Surgical repair must preserve the labrum and address the cause of damage for effective treatment.

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A Probing Device for Quantitatively Measuring the Mechanical Properties of Soft Tissues during Arthroscopy
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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve
09:51

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Published on: September 7, 2022

A Probing Device for Quantitatively Measuring the Mechanical Properties of Soft Tissues during Arthroscopy
06:16

A Probing Device for Quantitatively Measuring the Mechanical Properties of Soft Tissues during Arthroscopy

Published on: May 1, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomechanics
  • Hip Joint Anatomy

Background:

  • The human hip endures millions of loading cycles, making it susceptible to damage.
  • Hip instability and femoro-acetabular impingement can injure the acetabular rim, a critical component of the labro-acetabular complex.
  • A unique unidirectional synovial fluid flow exists within the labro-acetabular complex, driven by hip movement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the biomechanical factors contributing to labro-acetabular damage.
  • To outline optimal surgical repair strategies for the labro-acetabular complex.
  • To emphasize the importance of addressing the root cause of hip joint damage.

Main Methods:

  • Review of anatomical and biomechanical literature on the hip joint.
  • Analysis of the role of synovial fluid dynamics in labro-acetabular health.
  • Synthesis of current surgical approaches for acetabular rim injuries.

Main Results:

  • Hip loading and instability are primary contributors to labro-acetabular damage.
  • Synovial fluid circulation is essential for labrum nutrition and function.
  • Effective surgical repair requires both labral reconstruction and correction of impingement or instability.

Conclusions:

  • Preserving or reconstructing the labrum is crucial for hip joint function.
  • Addressing the underlying cause of femoro-acetabular impingement or hip instability is paramount for successful surgical outcomes.
  • Understanding synovial fluid dynamics offers insights into labro-acetabular complex health.