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Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats
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Published on: March 17, 2019

Impulse control disorders in psychiatric inpatients.

Astrid Müller1, Katharina Rein, Ines Kollei

  • 1Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Germany. astrid.mueller@uk-erlangen.de

Psychiatry Research
|May 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Impulse control disorders (ICDs) are highly prevalent in psychiatric inpatients, affecting 18.8% currently. These conditions, including skin picking and compulsive buying, are often under-diagnosed in routine clinical practice.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Mental Health Research
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Impulse control disorders (ICDs) represent a significant diagnostic challenge.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the prevalence of ICDs in European psychiatric inpatient populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of various ICDs in a European psychiatric inpatient sample.
  • To compare clinician diagnoses with structured interview findings for ICDs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fourth edition (DSM-IV) module for ICDs (SCID-ICD).
  • Assessed a range of ICDs including intermittent explosive disorder, pathological gambling, compulsive buying, and pathological skin picking.
  • Examined 234 consecutive psychiatric inpatients.

Main Results:

  • A lifetime ICD prevalence of 23.5% and a current prevalence of 18.8% were identified using SCID-ICD.
  • Pathological skin picking (7.3% lifetime, 6.8% current), compulsive buying (6.8% lifetime, 6.0% current), and intermittent explosive disorder (5.6% lifetime, 3.4% current) were most frequent.
  • Only 3.8% of inpatients received a current ICD diagnosis based on admission charts, indicating significant under-diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • ICDs are highly prevalent in psychiatric inpatient settings, with significant rates of pathological skin picking, compulsive buying, and intermittent explosive disorder.
  • There is a substantial discrepancy between structured diagnostic interviews and routine clinical diagnoses of ICDs in this population.
  • Findings highlight the need for improved screening and diagnostic practices for ICDs in psychiatric care to address under-diagnosis.