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Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Intracameral Injection in Rats with Low Risk of Adverse Effects
06:19

Intracameral Injection in Rats with Low Risk of Adverse Effects

Published on: May 31, 2024

Two-quadrant high-volume sub-Tenon's anaesthesia for vitrectomy: a randomised controlled trial.

Vip S Gill1, Andrew H Presland, Jonathan A Lord

  • 1Department of Anaesthesia, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Westminster Bridge Rd, London SE1 7EH, UK. drvipgill@aol.com

The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|May 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary

A two-quadrant sub-Tenon

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Intracameral Injection in Rats with Low Risk of Adverse Effects
06:19

Intracameral Injection in Rats with Low Risk of Adverse Effects

Published on: May 31, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Standard single inferonasal sub-Tenon's injections for anesthesia can lead to increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and require intraoperative adjustments.
  • A higher volume of local anesthetic is often needed for adequate anesthesia during procedures like vitrectomy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy and safety of a two-quadrant sub-Tenon's injection technique versus a standard single-quadrant technique.
  • To evaluate the impact of a higher local anesthetic volume on intraoperative top-ups and patient comfort during vitrectomy.

Main Methods:

  • 54 patients undergoing vitrectomy were randomized into two groups: control (single inferonasal injection, 5ml) and study (two-quadrant injection, 10ml).
  • Both groups received a mixture of 2% lidocaine and 0.5% bupivacaine with hyaluronidase.
  • Primary outcome was intraoperative top-ups; secondary outcomes included pain, IOP, and block characteristics.

Main Results:

  • No patients in the two-quadrant group required intraoperative top-ups, compared to 24 in the control group (p<0.001).
  • The two-quadrant technique demonstrated shorter block onset, improved eyelid akinesia, and reduced intraoperative and postoperative pain scores.
  • Intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements were similar between the groups.

Conclusions:

  • Two-quadrant sub-Tenon's anesthesia with 10ml of local anesthetic is more effective than the standard single-quadrant technique for vitrectomy.
  • This technique reduces the need for intraoperative top-ups and improves both intraoperative and postoperative pain management.
  • The two-quadrant approach offers a safer and more effective anesthesia option for ophthalmic surgery.