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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with X-rays, and by 1900, X-ray was widely...
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray01:20

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray

The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT01:30

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and the...

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In Depth Analyses of LEDs by a Combination of X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) and Light Microscopy (LM) Correlated with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
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In Depth Analyses of LEDs by a Combination of X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) and Light Microscopy (LM) Correlated with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)

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Set-up uncertainties: online correction with X-ray volume imaging.

Tejinder Kataria1, Ashu Abhishek, Pranav Chadha

  • 1Division of Radiation Oncology, Medanta Cancer Institute, Medanta-The Medicity, Sector-38, Gurgaon, Haryana 122 001, India.

Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics
|May 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary

X-ray volumetric imaging (XVI) accurately measures interfractional setup errors in radiotherapy. These findings support individualized margins for improved target coverage, especially when using XVI for daily error correction.

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Published on: April 26, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Radiation Oncology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Image-Guided Therapy

Background:

  • Accurate patient positioning is crucial for effective radiotherapy.
  • Interfractional setup errors can compromise treatment accuracy and target coverage.
  • X-ray Volumetric Imaging (XVI) offers real-time 3D imaging for setup verification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify interfractional setup errors using online X-ray Volumetric Imaging (XVI).
  • To determine optimal clinical target volume (CTV) to planning target volume (PTV) margins based on measured errors.
  • To evaluate the impact of XVI-aided setup correction on treatment accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • 125 patients underwent image-guided radiotherapy with online XVI between 2007 and 2009.
  • Setup errors in three translation directions were recorded and corrected daily.
  • Population systematic (Σ) and random (σ) errors were calculated; CTV-PTV margins were derived using Van Herk's and Stroom's formulas.

Main Results:

  • Mean vector displacements varied by cohort: brain (0.18 cm), head and neck (0.15 cm), thorax (0.36 cm), and abdomen-pelvis (0.35 cm).
  • Measured errors agreed with proposed margins: 0.3 cm isotropic for brain, 0.5 cm for head and neck, 0.5 cm circumferential and 1 cm craniocaudal for thorax and abdomen-pelvis.
  • Calculated mean displacements were within established margin estimates for 90-99% target coverage.

Conclusions:

  • XVI effectively detects and corrects interfractional setup errors in radiotherapy.
  • Individualized CTV-PTV margins, informed by XVI data, ensure adequate target coverage.
  • Utilizing XVI-aided setup correction enhances treatment precision and target volume coverage.