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Comparative Study of Serological Tests for Mycoplasma synoviae Diagnosis in Commercial Poultry Breeders
R L Luciano1, A L S P Cardoso, G F Z Stoppa
1Centro Avançado de Pesquisa Tecnológica do Agronegócio Avícola, Instituto Biológico, Rua Bezerra Paes, 2278, Jardim Belém, 13.690-000 Descalvado, SP, Brazil.
Abstract:
Avian mycoplasmosis causes great economic losses to the poultry industry, and one of the major agents involved is Mycoplasma synovie (MS). Serum from commercial poultry breeders (n = 2781) was tested for MS by serum plate agglutination (SPA), hemagglutination inhibition (HI), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). From 2,781 samples tested, 736 (26.46%) were positive in SPA. From 712 SPA-positive sera, 30 samples (4.21%) were positive in HI, and 150 samples (21.06%) were positive in ELISA. Copositivity between ELISA and HI was 90%, and conegativity was 82.0%. Agreement between HI and ELISA was rejected by McNemar's test (P ≤ .001), and Kappa coefficient showed a weak correlation between the two techniques (k = 0.25; 0.21 ≤ k < 0.40). Weak statistical correlation was observed between all serological tests (SPA, HI, and ELISA), and they should only be used for initial screening for MS.
Insights
This study evaluated three Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) tests in poultry. Results show weak correlations between SPA, HI, and ELISA, suggesting their use for initial screening only.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Immunology
- Poultry Health Management
- Microbial Diagnostics
Background:
- Avian mycoplasmosis, caused by Mycoplasma synoviae (MS), leads to significant economic losses in the poultry industry.
- Accurate serological diagnostics are crucial for controlling MS outbreaks and maintaining flock health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the diagnostic performance of three common serological tests for Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) in commercial poultry.
- To assess the agreement and correlation between Serum Plate Agglutination (SPA), Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI), and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for MS detection.
Main Methods:
- Serum samples from 2,781 commercial poultry breeders were tested using SPA, HI, and ELISA.
- Statistical analysis, including McNemar's test and Kappa coefficient, was employed to evaluate test agreement and correlation.
Main Results:
- Serum Plate Agglutination (SPA) detected 26.46% positive samples.
- Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) showed 4.21% and 21.06% positivity among SPA-positive sera, respectively.
- McNemar's test rejected agreement between HI and ELISA (P ≤ .001), and the Kappa coefficient indicated a weak correlation (k = 0.25).
Conclusions:
- A weak statistical correlation exists between SPA, HI, and ELISA for Mycoplasma synoviae detection.
- These serological tests demonstrate limited agreement and should primarily be utilized for initial screening of avian mycoplasmosis.
